[스크랩] valley골짜기 의 어원,산에 관한 우리말 어원 산중턱 할때 턱 산기슭할때 슭 의 어원,일본어 산(야마)의 어원
작성자김판우작성시간18.03.01조회수605 목록 댓글 0valley 산 골짜기
뱉-->밷-->밸 발음변천
이 말은 인도 드라비다어에서 나왔다.
우리말은 인도 드라비다어,인도 산스크리트어,알타이어를 바탕으로 만들어진 말이다.
골짜기 골은 파이는 것이다.
평평한 흙이 파인다고 생각해보라.
시간이 지남에 따라 산골짜기가 만들어진다.
밭에서 고랑 이랑 을 보면 이랑은 위쪽이고 고랑은 파인 쪽이다.
골이 바로 valley인 것이다.
아래 어원자료를 잘 읽어보시라!
어원의 진실이 과연 어떤 것인지 알게 될 것이다.
l이 반모음 이으 적용되면
파여-->어원
기본형 파다 피동 파이다
Proto-Dravidian : *veṭ-
Meaning : 1 mountain 2 shore
Proto-South Dravidian: *veṭ-/*vIḍ-
Proto-South Dravidian : *veṭ-/*vIḍ-
Meaning : mountain
Tamil : viṭam, viṭari, viṇṭu
Tamil meaning : mountain
Kannada : beṭṭa, beṭṭu
Kannada meaning : big hill, mountain
Kodagu : beṭṭa
Kodagu meaning : big hill, mountain
Tulu : boṭṭu
Tulu meaning : high, lofty; dry (as land)
Proto-Nilgiri : *veṭ-
Proto-Nilgiri : *veṭ-
Meaning : mountain (esp. tɨṭ pöṭ id.)
Kota : veṭm (obl. veṭt-)
Toda : pöṭ
Additional forms : Also Kota beṭ mountain (nāng beṭ the Nilgiris [lit. the four mountains]); beṭd amn the female member of the Raŋgr trinity in Kolmēl village [lit. the goddess of the mountain])
Notes : Kota beṭ borrowed from Kannada (where final -m regularly disappears, so beṭṭa > Kota beṭǝ > beṭ).
Number in DED : 5474
Notes : Tamil, strange enough, has viṭam and not veṭṭam - a strange shift in vowel quality. The variant with the nasal (viṇṭu) is also unclear.
Number in DED : 5474
Proto-North Dravidian : *biṭ-ā
Proto-North-Dravidian : *biṭ-ā
Meaning : a shore
Malto : biṭe
Number in DED : 5474
Brahui : biṭ
Brahui : biṭ
Meaning : mound, hillock
Additional forms : Also BRA buṭ id.; bāṭag_h_ summit, top
Number in DED : 5474
Proto-Dravidian : *var-ai
Meaning : mountain; steep slope
Proto-South Dravidian: *var-ai
Proto-South Dravidian : *var-ai
Meaning : mountain
Tamil : varai
Tamil meaning : mountain, peak, slope of hill
Tamil derivates : varaiy-āṭu ibex, Hemitragus hylocrius; jungle sheep
Kannada : bare
Kannada meaning : (Hav.) steep slope
Kannada derivates : (Gowda) barE precipice
Kodagu : bare
Kodagu meaning : steep slope
Tulu : bare
Tulu meaning : (B-K) a steep precipice
Number in DED : 5274
Proto-Altaic: *goblu
Nostratic: Nostratic
Eurasiatic: *gowlV
Meaning: valley, deep
Borean: Borean
Borean (approx.) : KVLV
Meaning : valley
Afroasiatic : *gVl- 'valley, depth' (Cush., berb.)
Reference : ND 620.
Indo-European: ? Balt. *gil- 'deep'
References: ND 620 *gowlu 'deep, valley'; GE 6 *ḳolo 'hole' (with much confusion).
Meaning: valley
Russian meaning: долина
Turkic: *Kōl
Proto-Turkic: *Kōl
Meaning: valley
Russian meaning: долина
Karakhanid: qol (MK)
Turkish: kol (dial.)
Tatar: qul
Middle Turkic: qol (B)
Uighur: qol (dial.)
Sary-Yughur: qol 'gutter'
Turkmen: Gōl
Khakassian: xol
Tuva: xol
Kirghiz: qol
Bashkir: qul (dial.)
Balkar: qol
Kumyk: qol
Mongolian: *gowl
Proto-Mongolian: *gowl
Meaning: river; river valley, centre
Russian meaning: река; долина реки, центр
Written Mongolian: ɣoul
Khalkha: gol
Buriat: gol
Kalmuck: ɣol
Ordos: Gol
Dongxian: Gon
Shary-Yoghur: Gol
Mogol: ɣōl
Tungus-Manchu: *gola
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gola
Meaning: valley
Russian meaning: долина
Literary Manchu: golo
Comments: ТМС 1, 160. Manch. golo 'valley, watershed' has also acquired the meaning 'land between two rivers' and 'administrative region'. With the latter meaning it was borrowed into Ud. golo 'people', Nan. Golo id., (Bik.) 'region, locality'.
Korean: *kōr
Proto-Korean: *kōr
Meaning: valley
Russian meaning: долина
Modern Korean: kōl
Middle Korean: kōr
Japanese: *kura
Proto-Japanese: *kura
Meaning: deep valley
Russian meaning: глубокая долина
Old Japanese: kura, kura-tani
Comments: EAS 48, KW 150, SKE 121, Martin 245, Whitman 1985, 191, 222, Martin 1996, 39, АПиПЯЯ 19, 70. Mong. cannot be borrowed from Turk., despite Щербак 1997, 139.; the isolated Manchu form may be < Mong. (see TMN 1, 439, Doerfer MT 116, Rozycki 91), but not necessarily so.
산중턱에 암자가 자리 잡고 있었다.
턱은 무엇인가?
툭 턱 탁 튀어올라온 것을 말한다.
터키어로 Daǧ 다으 라고 한다.
언덕 ,둔덕
일본어로 たか[高] 산은 높다는 뜻이다.
다까이 높다는 형용사도 여기서 나온다.
r발음에 ㅎ도 포함되어 있다.
Ronaldo 포르투갈 축구선수 l발음 반모음 이으 -->호나우두
돌 stone 역시 도르-->도흐-->독
독도 는 돌섬이다.
산 어원 역시 타르-->타흐-->탁 터르-->터흐-->턱
타르-->th번데기-->사르-->산
達 로 표현하는 지명 아사달 달구벌 모두 높다는 뜻이다.
성(도시)은 방어를 위해 높은 지대에 위치한다.
터키 turkey 는 발음상 여러가지가 된다.
탉기 달기 닭은 과거 새를 지칭하는 말이었다.
도르 도리 일본어로 새를 뜻한다.
도르 돓 돍 닭
토르 타리-->th번데기-->사리-->사히-->사이-->새
칠면조의 뜻이 있다.하여간 과거에는 새를 뜻하는 말이었다.
타르 탉 높다는 뜻도 되고
타르 star 별(星)이란 뜻도 되고 달(月)이란 뜻도 된다.
터키 국기에 보면 별인가 달인가 그려져 있다.
Proto-Altaic: *tēga
Nostratic: Nostratic
Eurasiatic: *TVGV
Meaning: high
Borean: Borean
Borean (approx.) : TVKV
Meaning : mountain, high
Sino-Caucasian : ? OC *diak stone; ST *thɨāk 'lift, support'
Amerind (misc.) : *take 'head' (actually: 'high, top, above') (R 367) [+ A]; *tak 'stone; mountain' ? (R 695)
Notes : PST also has *d(r)ǝ̆k 'top, ascend' (possibly < AA), and PAA has *tVʔ 'stone' (possibly < ST; cf. *TVHV).
Eskimo-Aleut: *takǝ(v)-
Proto-Eskimo: *takǝ(v)-
Meaning: long, (high)
Russian meaning: длинный, (высокий)
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 325
Meaning: high; top, mountain
Russian meaning: высокий, верх, гора
Turkic: *dāg
Proto-Turkic: *dāg
Meaning: mountain
Russian meaning: гора
Old Turkic: taɣ (Orkh., OUygh.)
Turkish: daɣ
Tatar: taw
Uzbek: tɔɣ
Uighur: taɣ
Sary-Yughur: taɣ
Azerbaidzhan: daɣ
Turkmen: dāG
Khakassian: taɣ
Shor: taɣ (Верб.)
Oyrat: tū
Halaj: tāɣ
Chuvash: tu
Yakut: tɨa 'taiga, wood'
Dolgan: tɨa 'land, tundra'
Tuva: daɣ
Tofalar: daɣ, taɣ
Kirghiz: tō
Kazakh: taw
Noghai: taw
Bashkir: tau
Balkar: tau
Gagauz: dā
Karaim: daɣ
Karakalpak: taw
Salar: dāɣ
Kumyk: taw
Mongolian: *deɣe-
Proto-Mongolian: *deɣe-
Meaning: 1 above, up 2 to fly 3 to jump, leap
Russian meaning: 1 наверх, наверху 2 лететь 3 прыгать, перепрыгивать
Khalkha: dē- 1, degde- 2, dǖlle- 3
Buriat: dēr(e) 1, degde- 2
Kalmuck: dē- 1, degdǝ- 2
Ordos: dē- 1, degde- 2
Dongxian: ǯierǝ, ǯiedu
Baoan: de-Goŋ 1
Dagur: dēre 1, derede-, degede- 2 (MD 135), dē- (Тод. Даг. 136), derd- 1, (MGCD, Тод. Даг. 136) dēr, derde-
Shary-Yoghur: dīre, dīd
Monguor: dǝre (SM 49), dē-di (SM 50), te-šǝ (SM 418) 1, diginē- 'sauter sur un pied' (SM 51), dǖli- 'sauter, bondir, danser, battre (coeur)' (SM 56)
Mogol: dērä 'auf, oben', dēkši 'aufwarts, mehr, besser'; ZM dei-ra (7-1b), dei-du (24-3b) 'above', dekšǝ- (41-2) 'to come up'
Tungus-Manchu: *deg-
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *deg-
Meaning: 1 to fly (v.) 2 bird
Russian meaning: 1 лететь 2 птица
Evenki: deg- 1, degi 2
Even: deɣ- 1, deɣi 2
Negidal: deɣ- 1, deɣī 2
Spoken Manchu: dei-, dii- 'to fly' (2300)
Literary Manchu: deje- 1, dei 2
Ulcha: degde- 1
Nanai: degde- 1
Oroch: deili- 1
Udighe: dieli- 1
Solon: degelī- 1, degī 2
Korean: *tǝ-
Proto-Korean: *tǝ-
Meaning: still more, moreover
Russian meaning: еще больше, сверх
Modern Korean: tǝ
Comments: KED 439.
Japanese: *tàkà-
Proto-Japanese: *tàkà-
Meaning: 1 high 2 mountain
Russian meaning: 1 высокий 2 гора
Old Japanese: taka- 1, take 2
Middle Japanese: tàkà- 1
Tokyo: taká- 1, také 2
Kyoto: tákà- 1, tákè 2
Kagoshima: taká- 1, také 2
Comments: JLTT 539, 841.
Comments: Poppe 58, 89 (Mong.-Tung.; on Turk. *jẹg- see under *di̯òge), SKE 260, EAS 51, 145, Цинциус 1972, 4 (but ТМ *dǖ 'top, above' cannot belong here for phonetic reasons), Miller 1985, 143, АПиПЯЯ 283. TM cannot be borrowed from Mong., despite Doerfer MT 20, Rozycki 58. Korean parallels for Jpn. taka-, take in Martin 236 are improbable; but cf. also Kor. thjǝ 'up' in compounds, see SKE 48; another old derivative may be Kor. tòt- 'to rise' = Mong. degde-]. A different etymology proposed for PT *dāg is the comparison with WMong. tajiɣa 'forest' (see e.g. VEWT 454). The etymology as such cannot be accepted (because of the wrong correspondence PT *d- : Mong. t-), but Turkic may in fact have merged two originally different roots - which would explain an abnormal correspondence of Turkic long vowel to PJ low tone.
산기슭할때 슭 역시 타르 터르 트르의 변형음이다.
트르-->th번데기-->스르-->슬르-->슬흐-->슭
알타이어, 드라비다어에 공통적으로 존재하는 말이다.
Proto-Altaic: *sira ( ~ -u)
Nostratic: Nostratic
Eurasiatic: *[s]VrV
Meaning: top, hill
Indo-European: *ser- (Hitt. ser 'oben', Gr. rhíon 'peak')
Kartvelian: Georg. ser- 'hill', Laz serṭ- 'top of a hill'
Comments: Sibilants irregular (Alt. doesn't fit).
References: ND 2108a *śaRV 'top, hill' (+ East Cush.).
Meaning: hill, high mountain
Russian meaning: холм, высокая гора
Turkic: *sɨrt
Proto-Turkic: *sɨrt
Meaning: 1 back, spine (of animal) 2 tableland, mountain ridge
Russian meaning: 1 спина, позвоночник (животного) 2 горный хребет
Karakhanid: sɨrt-la- 'to climb up a small valley' (MK)
Turkish: sɨrt 1, 2
Tatar: sɨrt 1, 2
Uzbek: sirt 1, 2
Uighur: sirt 1
Azerbaidzhan: sɨrt (dial.) 2
Turkmen: sɨrt 2
Khakassian: sɨrt 1
Oyrat: sɨrt 1
Chuvash: šъrt 1, 2
Tuva: sirt 1, 2
Tofalar: sɨ'rt 1, 2
Kirghiz: sɨrt 2
Kazakh: sɨrt 2
Noghai: sɨrt 'back part'
Bashkir: hɨrt 1, 2
Balkar: sɨrt 1
Karaim: sɨrt 1
Karakalpak: sɨrt
Kumyk: sɨrt 1, 2
Mongolian: *siru- / *siro-
Proto-Mongolian: *siru- / *siro-
Meaning: 1 rock, cliff 2 high mountain
Russian meaning: 1 скала, мыс 2 высокая гора
Written Mongolian: siruɣ 1, šoroŋ 2 (МХТТТ)
Khalkha: šurag 1, šoron 2
Tungus-Manchu: *sirk-
Proto-Dravidian : *sōr-
Meaning : mountain
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *sōr-
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *sōr-
Meaning : mountain
Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *sōr-u
Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *sōr-u
Meaning : hill, mountain
Kui : sōru
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : hōrū "hill"
Kuwi (Schulze) : hōru "mountain, rock"
Sunkarametta Kuwi : hōru "mountain"
Parja Kuwi : hōru "mountain"
Number in DED : 2887
Notes : A PK isogloss.
일본어로 산을 야마 라고 한다.
이 말은 어디서 온 것일까?
Proto-Altaic: *ńi̯ama
Meaning: low, level; side of the mountain
Russian meaning: низкий, ровный; склон горы
Turkic: *jAmač
Proto-Turkic: *jAmač
Meaning: side of a mountain
Russian meaning: склон горы
Turkish: jamač
Middle Turkic: jamač, jamaǯ (R, Pav. C.)
Azerbaidzhan: jamaǯ
Turkmen: jamač (dial.)
Gagauz: jamač
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