오늘의 식물 4---번째! 퀴버나무! 백합과에 속한 여러해살이풀(다년생 다육식물)(사막식물)
식물명: 퀴버나무
분류: 피자식물門(Angiospermae) 외떡잎(단자엽)식물綱(Monocotyledoneae) 백합目(-) 백합科(Liliaceae, 百合科) 사시나무알로에屬(Aloidendron)
다른 분류: 역: 진핵생물/계: 식물계/(미분류): 속씨식물군/(미분류): 외떡잎식물군/목: 비짜루목/과: 크산토로이아과/아과: 아스포델루스아과/속: 사시나무알로에속/종: 사시나무알로에
Kingdom: Plantae/Clade: Embryophytes/Clade: Tracheophytes/Clade: Spermatophytes/Clade: Angiosperms/Clade: Monocots/Order: Asparagales/Family: Asphodelaceae/Subfamily: Asphodeloideae/Genus: Aloidendron/Species: A. dichotomum
Related species
Three separate species, A. dichotomum, A. pillansii and A. ramosissimum inhabit the same arid areas of the Richtersveld and the Namib Desert around the South African-Namibian border. The three have been given different ratings on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: 'vulnerable' for A. dichotomum, 'critically endangered' for A. pillansii and 'endangered' for A. ramosissimum.
The three species can be distinguished as follows: In A. pillansii, the inflorescences hang from below the lowest leaves, rather than growing erect. A. ramosissimum is considerably smaller—rarely reaching more than 2 m in height—and assumes a more shrub-like shape. While there is a gradation between tree-like A. dichotomum and the shrubby A. ramosissimum, the relatively unique A. pillansii population is separated by a different flowering time and therefore does not interbreed with the other two species.
학명: Aloidendron dichotomum(알로이덴드론 디코토마) (Masson) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm. 학명 해설: The specific epithet "dichotomum" refers to how the stems repeatedly branch into two ("dichotomous" branching) as the plant grows. This species was moved to the genus Aloidendron as Aloidendron dichotomum in 2013. 과거에는 Aloe dichotoma로 분류되었었다.
영명, 일명, 중명, Quiver Tree-영어, 아프리칸스어: kokerboom, アロエ(아로에, 기타치알로에)-일명, 목립노회(木立芦荟)
기타 이름, 異名- 나무알로에, 동개나무
이름 기원, 유래- 남아프리카공화국과 나미비아의 산(San)족이 속이 빈 가지를 화살통(quiver)으로 사용한 데서 '퀴버나무'라는 이름이 유래.
Naming
Known as choje to the indigenous San people, the quiver tree gets its English common name from the San people practice of hollowing out the tubular branches of Aloidendron dichotomum to form quivers for their arrows.
속이 빈 가지를 코이산족이 동개(화살통)로 사용했다. 그래서 한국어 명칭도 동개나무이다.
전설, 설화,
성경 He was accompanied by Nicodemus, the man who earlier had visited Jesus at night. Nicodemus brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds.-요한복음 19:39, aloe[ǽlou] n. (pl. ~s [-z]) any plant of the liliaceous genus Aloe, chiefly native to southern Africa, with fleshy spiny-toothed leaves and red or yellow flowers.〖식물〗 알로에, 노회
꽃말:
노래, 시화 소재,
특징: Aloidendron dichotomum, formerly Aloe dichotoma, the quiver tree or kokerboom, is a tall, branching species of succulent plant, indigenous to Southern Africa, specifically in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, and parts of Southern Namibia.
동개나무(영어: quiver tree, 아프리칸스어: kokerboom)은 남아프리카, 특히 남아공의 노던케이프주와 나미비아 남부 일대에 자생하는, 마치 나무처럼 크게 자라는 다육식물이다. 나무처럼 생겼지만 사실 알로에의 일종이다.
분포 남아프리카공화국과 나미비아의 건조한 사막·반사막 지역에 자생합니다.
Distribution and conservation
One of the few examples of spontaneous forests of A. dichotomum is the Quiver Tree Forest, about 14 km north of Keetmanshoop, in Namibia. Another is located in the Northern Cape of South Africa at Gannabos.
Throughout much of its range this species is in decline. Modelling of Aloidendron dichotomum in South Africa and Namibia has contributed to understanding the needs of protected areas in response to climate change. Modelled range declines in this species due to climate change have recently been confirmed by field surveys.
Cultivation
Aloidendron dichotomum is cultivated in arid areas around the world, for use in landscaping. The slow growth rate and relative rarity of the plant make it a particularly expensive specimen. It is also relatively difficult to keep outside of its natural habitat.
In cultivation it requires extremely well-drained coarse mineral sand (preferably with some loam and bone meal to keep it active and growing), full sun, good aeration and extremely little water - primarily in the winter (as it mainly occurs in winter rainfall desert areas). In the (rare) event that it is under-watered, the leaves will curl up and die off at the tips; this is not fatal, but indicates that it is relatively dry.
It is unusually prone to aphids and insect infections in between its leaves, and this is exacerbated whenever there is not full sun and constant fresh air movement. Indoor plants require frequent treatment for these pests. Fungicide can be added occasionally, to protect the plant from rot.
It can be propagated from seed and (with more difficulty) from cuttings or truncheons. Cuttings need to be thoroughly dried for several weeks in a shaded area before being planted.
원산지 중동, 마다가스카르, 아프리카 남부
이용(도):
In popular culture
Michael Benson's book Space Odyssey: Stanley Kubrick, Arthur C. Clarke, and the Making of a Masterpiece (2018) briefly discusses how the kokerboom piqued the interest of film director, Stanley Kubrick. The book claims that several protected kokerboom trees were cut down so they could be used to film 2001: A Space Odyssey.
참고문헌-한국 식물명의 유래(이우철 지음-2005, 일조각)