The head-neck support system can be likened to a 4-5 kg ball on a flexible shaft stabilized by guy wires. The least stress on the spine will occur when the head is basically centered over the spinal column below. This optimal biomechanical position is achieved with what is accepted as normal, good posture.
Line of gravity runs from the earlobe, over the middle of the shoulders, over the hip joint, and over a point about 2 cm in front of the ankle joint. Every 2-3 cm forward the head is held forward of this position requires the exertion of 7 to 14 kg of extra
muscle tension. This extra muscular load is transmitted down the spine, increasing chronic loading on the vertebrae as well as
the intervertebral discs.
Forward head posture involves flexion of the lower cervical spine in combination with extension of the upper cervical spine. It is often accompanied by protracted scapulae and increased thoracic kyphosis. The excess backward curvature from the upper back kyphosis typically results in excess lordosis, or forward curvature, in the lower back, increasing chronic strain and decreasing overload tolerance in that area. Muscles habitually kept in a stretched position beyond the physiologic resting position tend to weaken. This is
known as stretch weakness. Muscles habitually kept in a shortened position tend to lose their elasticity. These muscles test strong in the shortened position but become weak as they are lengthened. This is known as tight weakness.
Stress to the shortened structures causes pain, and strength and flexibility imbalances may predispose the area to
injury or overuse syndromes.
Aged posture includes:
•Head forward – from years of forward reaching and leaning
•Shoulders rolled forward – from years of forward reaching and leaning
•Sunken chest – because of loss of abdominal support (“bottom has
dropped out”) and tightened chest muscles
•Protruding abdomen – from loss of abdominal muscle tone
•Thicker waist – from sunken chest pushing viscera outwards
Earlier fatigue resulting from Increased postural muscle loading due to:
–More body mass farther from midline.
–Less efficient muscle angles and muscle lengths.
Empirically, women seem to have more pain and fatigue problems
than men. Makes sense from a power to weight perspective- women
generally have less strength per kg body weight.
Spinal loading from the poor posture is still large, so to prevent long-term degenerative problems, postural improvement is still called for.
Height loss of more than 2 – 3 cm is due more to posture
than intervertral disc compression. (20 mm / 23 discs ~
0.9 mm/disc; 3-10 mm thick discs ~ 7 mm avg.; 0.9
mm/7.0mm ~ 13% avg. loss)
Practicing "straightening up" may slowly cure forward
head posture, but it will not totally reverse the loss of
flexibility associated with such posture.
Daily stretching and strengthening exercises specifically
designed to maintain proper posture and flexibility.
Takes 10 – 30 min/day, depending upon profession and
lifestyle habits. Can make postural correction a
subconscious response, reducing corrective needs.
A stretching and strengthening program which will
reestablish normal upper body muscle flexibilities and
muscle strength balances is the following;
Elbow lift behind the back ;Stretches
Stomach crunches ;Strengthen
Side of chest and outer back stretch ;Stretches
Neck stretching ;Stretches
Chin glides ;Stretch and strengthen
Shoulder rolls ;Stretch and strengthen
Elbow press behind the back ;Stretches
Standing stomach strengthener ;Strengthens
Back flattening ;Stretches and strengthens
Sit and reach ;Stretches
Upper spine straightener ;Stretches and strengthens
Air rowing ;Stretches and strengthens
Doing exercises 1-6 and 7-12 on alternate days, this program:
John Christman,The Prevention of Posture–Related Problems in Orthodontists, Their Staff, and Their Patients. Available URL from:www.powerposture.com/barcelona/pp-barcelona-002.pdf
운전이 요통에 나쁘다
As for backrest inclination, most of the respondents in Group A chose 105 degrees and the majority in Group B chose 120 degrees (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The total mileage was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B. We considered that the risk for LBP increased as the lumbar spine load accumulated day by day while driving a car almost every day without a holiday.
Sakakibara T, Kasai Y, Uchida A. Effects of driving on low back pain. Occup Med (Lond). 2006 Oct;56(7):494-6. Epub 2006 Jun 16.
내장하수
Gastroptosis is a condition in which the stomach occupies an abnormally low position in the abdomen. The cases are hyperacidity, over-eating and over-drinking. Persons of narrow thorax are likely to have gastroptosis. The causative mechanism is believed to be that the pylorus has atony and the food stasis could not take place. This atony of pylorus favors the passing of food ou of the stomach. In a empirical experience, at least 25% of women have some ptoses, usually of kidney and very often several of the other abdominal organs.
The best means of diagnosis of ptoses is a physical examination. Examination of the gastric diaphragm by having the patient swallowing an electric light is a uncertain performance.
A surgical finding showed that the stomach could easily be drawn entirely below the umblilcus, which produce a sharp kink at the junction of the duodenum. The pylorus descended as low as the umbilicus, showing considerable elongation of the first portion of the duodenum, which was vertical instead of horizontal. The gastro-hepatic omentum was much lengthened, thined and porous and had a free margin projecting for two inches below the lesser curvature.
The condition frequently causes digestive symptoms and constipation. Much more prominent in women than men.
Managements include that the patient lying on the back with the hips raised kneading the abdomen during exhalation.
Henry Barbat. Surgical treatment of gastroptosis. California state journal of mediine 1907;10:254-257. Available URL from:http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1652226&blobtype=pdf
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Visceral Yoga is Yoga for the Vital Organs. The visceral organs of the body
have articulations complete with lubricating fluids, ligaments, and
specific biomechanics. The liver for instance has eight
articulations such as the heart, ribs, and right kidney to name a
few. Each visceral articulation has a specific shape and range of
motion that participate in the biomechanical integrity of the body’s structure. Scar tissue, adhesions, organ compactions, disease, emotional and
mechanical trauma can adversely effect the proper position, motion, and vitality of the various organs.
Visceral yoga. http://www.visceralyoga.com/Links.html
신발치수
Feet swell a bit and get larger as the day passes. So you should measure later in the the day. As people pass through their middle forties into their fifties, their feet get larger. You can expect to gain a half to a full size during this period.
Measure your feet and buy shoes during the time of day that they will be worn. Activity, heat, and the length of time on your feet may cause temporary swelling, making shoes tight or uncomfortable, especially towards the end of the day.