제1장.上經(상경) 21訓(훈) 157事(사)
Chapter 1. Upper Classic : 21 Teachings, 157 Deeds.
제3 강령 愛(애).....사랑.....第96事
The 3rd Principle : Ae(愛,애)... Love... The 96th Deed
제 1범 恕(서)......용서......第97事
Chapter 1 Rule : Seo(恕,서)... Forgiveness... Case No 97.
제 2위 似是(사시)......옳은 것 같지만 옳지 않고, 그른 것 같지만 옳은 것......第99事
2nd Level : Si-shi(似是 사시, Seeming Righteousness)... What appears right but is wrong,
and what appears wrong but is right... Case No 99.
似是(사시)는 옳은 것 같지만 옳지 않고, 그른 것 같지만 옳은 것이다.
"Si-Shi" refers to that which seemss correct but is actually incorrect,
and that wwhich seems incorrect but is actually correct.
사랑은 만물을 포용하여 내버리는 것이 없다.
Love embraces all creation and discards nothing.
사람들은 자신에게 가까운 것은 백가지가 옳고, 자신에게 먼 것은 오십 가지가 그르다 하니,
마땅히 가까운 것은 끌어당기고 먼 것은 멀어짐을 막아야 한다.
People tend to claim that a hundred things are right regarding what is close to them,
while fifty things are wrong regarding what is distant from them;
therefore, one must naturally draw the close ones near and prevent
the distant ones from drifting further away.
{Original Classical Text, 원문]
似是者는 似是而非하고 似非而是也라 (사시자는 사시이비하고 사비이시야라)
Those of " Si-shi" appear to be right but are wrong,
and appear to be wrong but are right.
愛는 包物하고 不吐物이니 (애는 포물하고 불토물이니)
Love embraces all things and does not spit out(reject) any thing.
近是一百이요 遠非五十이라 (근시일백이요 원비오십이라)
What is near is judged as right in a hundred ways,
while what is distant is judged as wrong in fifty ways.
宜挽近이오 拒遠이니라. (의만근이오 거원이니라.)
One ought to pull the near close and resist the distancing of the far.
[Commentary/ Intepretation, 풀이]
옳고 그른 것에 대하여 잣대를 스스로 정하여 자신에게 이로운 것은 옳고,
해로운 것은 그르다고 한다면 구태어 옳고 그르다고 말할 것 없이
모든일을 이롭고 해롭다고 말해야 할 것이다.
If one sets their own yardstick for right and wrong―claiming that whatever benefits
them is "right" and wwhatever harms them is "wrong" ― then there is no need to
use the terms "right and wrong" at all; instead,
everything should simply be described as "beneficial or harmful."
이러한 잣대를 남에게 적용한다면 가까운 사람들은 옳고 그름에 대한 개념이 없어질 것이며,
먼 사람들은 원망하며 떠나갈 것이다.
If this kind of yardstick is applied to others,
those who are close will lose their sense of what is truly right and wrong,
while those who are distant will leave, harboring resentment.
따라서 이롭고 해로움을 잣대로 쓰면
결국 그것을 사용하는 사람을 해롭게 하고 주변사람 들을 해롭게한다.
Therefore, using benefit and harm as a yardstick ultimately ends up harming
the very person who uses it, as well as harming the people around them.
그러나 나의 이해관계를 떠나 옳고 그름의 잣대를 사용하는 것은
장기적으로 볼 때 가장 나를 이롭게 하는 것이다.
However, setting aside one′s personal interests and using a true yardstick of right and wrong is,
in the long run, the very thing that benefits oneself the most.
인간이 하루살이가 아닌 이상 다음 어제도 내일도 없이 오늘만을 위해 살수는 없는 것이다.
As long as human beings are not mayflies, they cannot live solely for today,
completely detached from yesterday and without any regard for tomorrow.