[스크랩] 과연 우리말 자기자신을 가리키는 나 가 어디서 온 말인지 전세계어 비교를 해보자!

[나비우스]

나 라는 말은 아래 어원자료를 보면 알겠지만 우리나라에서만 쓰는 말이 아니라 전세계적으로 쓰였던 말이다.

Proto-Altaic: *ŋa

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *ŋV

Meaning: 1st person pronoun (exclusive?)

Borean: Borean

 

Borean (approx.) : NV

Meaning : 1st p. pron.

Eurasiatic : *ŋV

Afroasiatic : *ʔan-

Sino-Caucasian : *ŋV

Austric : PAA *ʔVń / *ʔVj 'I', Yao *ʔja (?), POc *ŋau 'I' (?)

Amerind (misc.) : *na(ʔ) 'I' (R 386) [+ A K]; *ʔi 'I' (R 387) [+ A K]

African (misc.) : Bantu *-né 'I, me'. Cf. Macro-Khoisan *ŋ~*n "I".

Notes : Austr. *ʔVj : Amer. *ʔi - a different root?

Reference : ND 47, 1526; GE 100 'we (exclusive)'.

Indo-European: *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n-sme-

 

Proto-IE: *ne-, *nō-, *n-ge-, *n-sme-

Meaning: pron. pers. 1 pl./du.

Hittite: anzas 'uns' (D., Akk.), -nas 'uns' (Dat., Akk.) (Tischler 39, Friedrich 149)

Old Indian: du. nāu; encl. naḥ; a- in a-smā-

Avestan: encl. nǝ̄, nɔ̄, nō; ahma; poss. ahma-; gath. dual. nā

Other Iranian: OPers amāxam

Old Greek: nṓ; lesb. ámme, dor. hāmé; hǟméas, hǟmā̃s, hǟmẹ̄̃s; poss. lesb. ámmo-, dor, hāmó-; poss. hǟmétero-

Slavic: pl. acc. nɨ̄, obl. nā-; du. *nā

 

Baltic: *nō-

Germanic: *un-s (pl.), *un-k (du.)

Latin: nōs 'wir; uns'

Celtic: OIsl pl. gen. nār; Ir ni usw., gen. ar n-, Cymr, Corn, Bret ni, ny 'wir'

Albanian: nom. nam gen., dat., acc. ne

Russ. meaning: 1 мн.

References: WP II 320

Altaic: *ŋa

Kartvelian: *naj

 

Proto-Kartvelian: *naj

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: мы

English meaning: we

Svan: näj

Notes and references: В ОСНЯ 1, 7 основа сопоставляется с ПИЕ *ne- / *nō- 'мы', драв. *nām 'мы'; ср. аналогично Бомхард 1996, 201.

Dravidian: ? *njā- 'I, we'

Eskimo-Aleut: -ŋa

 

Proto-Eskimo: *vi sg., *va(ŋ)- pl.

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: pers. pron 1sg. "I", 1pl. "we"

Russian meaning: личн. мест. 1 ед. "я", 1 мн. "мы"

Proto-Yupik: *vi (-ŋa), *vaŋ-ku-ta

Proto-Inupik: *uva-ŋa, *uva-ŋ/ɣu-t

Comments: The Sirenik forms with initial m- may reflect the oblique case stem *mVŋ-, or may represent a secondary development (*v- > m-) before the nasal consonant in the begining of the second syllable.

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 383

References: ND 1526 *n̄V 'we (excl.)'.

Meaning: 1st person pronoun (oblique stem?)

Russian meaning: мест. 1-го лица (косв. основа?)

Mongolian: *na-m-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *na-m-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1st Sg. ps. pronoun (obl. cases)

Russian meaning: мест. 1-го лица (в косв. пад.)

Written Mongolian: nad-, namaji (Poppe, 1955)

Middle Mongolian: nad-, namaj (IM), nid-, nad-, namaj (MA)

Khalkha: nad-, namaj(g)

Buriat: nam-, namā(ji)

Kalmuck: nan-, namǟ(g)

Ordos: nada, namǟ

Dongxian: (na)ma-, nami

Baoan: nād-

Dagur: nam- (MD 194)

Monguor: nd-

Mogol: nan-, namɛi (Acc.).

Korean: *nà

 

Proto-Korean: *nà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: I

Russian meaning: я

Modern Korean: na

Middle Korean: nà

Comments: Nam 85, KED 284.

Japanese: *a-

 

Proto-Japanese: *a-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1st p. pron.

Russian meaning: местоим. 1 лица

Old Japanese: a-

Comments: This pronoun (as shown, e.g. in Itabashi 1998) could have been used parallelly with wa-, but differed in that it could participate in compounds (like a-se 'my spouse', a-duma 'my wife' etc.), which was impossible for wa. This may indicate that the original function of *a was 'oblique stem of the 1st p. pr.'.

Comments: SKE 156, АПиПЯЯ 296. The root serves as oblique stem in Mong., which may have been its original function; traces of it may be also discovered in OJ, see above.