목적어의 파악
22. 동족목적어 구문
*Last night I dreamed a curious dream.
*When she heard my words, she smiled her brightest (smile).
BASIC STUDY
What we teach ourselves becomes more a part of being than what we learn from others. Education does not end when we leave school; it has indeed scarcely begun. It goes on through life. Therefore, we must try to learn until we breathe our last. "How well it would be," said Seneca, "if men would but exercise their brains as they do their bodies, and take as much pains for virtue as they do for pleasure.
*이 글의 제목으로 가장 적당한 것을 고르시오.
①What Do We Learn For?
②What Do We Learn?
③The Importance of Education
④The Need of Life-long Education
⑤The Essence of School Education
<구문연구>
*Therefore, we must try to learn until we breathe our last.는 동사 breathe가 동족목적어인 breath를 목적어로 취한 구조임. 다만, 최상급의 수식을 받는 경우에는 동족목적어를 생략할 수 있다는 사실에 주의할 것.
FURTHER STUDY
(1)With all the large fortune which he inherited from his father, he was such a man of high character that he lived a simple and plain life.
(2)He had dreamed great dreams and seen visions of how things might be done to set right old wrongs.
(3)In everyday life the hare and the tortoise are running their race much more frequently than we are apt to think.
(4)On her face and in her eyes is the typical shop-girl expression. It is a look of silent but contemptuous revolt against cheated womanhood. When she laughs her loudest the look is still there. The same look can be seen in the eyes of Russian peasants.
23. 재귀목적어 구문(1)
*He exerted himself to finish the work in two ways.
*He was thoroughly enjoying himself at the carnival.
BASIC STUDY
Many medical school have taken steps to cut a year from traditional four-year program. The move should allow schools to turn out more doctors at less expensive and might help combat the doctor shortage facing many areas of th country. Postgraduate programs are also changing. At a hospital in New York City, for example, a four-year residency in social medicine requires that participants involve themselves in such community projects as neighborhood health clinics, maternal and child health programs and housing and sanitation plans.
*이 글은 결국 무엇을 해결하기 위한 방안을 기술한 글인가?
①The low standard o medical care.
②The shortage of doctors.
③The poor facilities of medical schools.
④The high cost of medical care.
⑤Medical care in underdeveloped countries.
<구문연구>
*재귀목적어를 관용적으로 쓰는 경우가 많은데, 「…that participants involve themselves in such community projects…」도 마찬가지이다.
*involve oneself in～ = be involved in～ ; ～에 몰두하다
FURTHER STUDY
(1)He had to exert himself to make conversation with the visitor.
*exert oneself to～;～에 노력하다
(2)I must sincerely apologize for not presenting myself as I had promised; but an unexpected affair of greatest importance called me off at the very moment I was on my way to your home.
*present oneself; 나타나다.
(3)For he was a dog with features and a personality which impressed themselves deeply on the mind.
(4)No matter what road is chosen the travelers who started from different valleys will all meet on the top of the mountain, provided they keep on ascending. No one must pride himself on having chosen the best route, nor force his neighbor to follow him.
(5)Hundreds of millions of people have two eyes and a nose and a mouth; but none of them look precisely like you. Few of them will talk and express themselves just as you do when you are speaking naturally. In other words, you have an individuality.
24. 재귀목적어 구문(2)
*The mystery may resolve itself into knowledge some day.
*Mother was busy, and we had to amuse ourselves.
BASIC STUDY
To understand some thoroughly, we must know its parts. For example, we know a house when we are familiar with its rooms and with the various details of its construction. _____________; we shall understand words better by familiarizing ourselves with the elements of which they are made.
*문맥에 비추어 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 적당한 표현은?
①Words are much like houses.
②Words are expressed as exactly as possible.
③Words must be used correctly just as houses are built.
④We must learn a foreign language
⑤Words cannot be compared to words which we speak in our everyday life.
<구문연구>
*familiarize oneself with～= be familiar with～;～에 익숙해지다.
*accustom oneself to～=be accustomed to～; ～에 익숙하다.
FURTHER STUDY
(1)If the child feels the world around him is warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts its rhythm and a accustom himself to conforming to its demands.
(2)To make matters worse they had no more than seated themselves at the dining table when they took the napkins and wiped off the dishes and silverware. The missionary could scarcely contain himself. "What an affront to my wife's housekeeping!" he thought to himself.
*contain oneself ;참다. 자제하다.
(3)If we concern ourselves with the child only as an individual and do not consider him also a member of a community, whether it be the small community of the home or the larger community outside, we shall give him only a one-sided development.
*concern oneself with～= be concerned with
(4)For any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to he is the world's greatest poet and greatest dramatist. Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer.
*suggest itself to～;～이 떠오르다.
25. 재귀목적어 구문
*I am not inclined to avail myself of your kind offer.
*Women should concern themselves with such vital issue.
BASIC STUDY
One day, during my first pregnancy, my husband and I had a heated argument. I felt depressed and left the house for a walk. As I passed a mortuary, I thought, "Nothing is more natural than a person crying at a funeral." So I went in and unburdened myself in a flood of tears. When I claimed down, I noticed the two women looking at me and overhead one say, "That man always was a rogue." "Yes," replied the other, "but he was 83 years old."
*밑줄 친 부분과 같은 말이 암시하는 내용은?
①거 참 믿기지 않는 일인걸.
②끝까지 악랄했군.
③정말 나이가 많군.
④결국 그런 짓을 저질렀군
⑤죽을 때도 되었군.
<구문연구>
*unburden oneself; 기분을 편하게 하다. 마음의 짐을 덜다.
*unburden oneself to～; ～에게 마음을 툭 털어놓다.
FURTHER STUDY
(1)It may be safely asserted that every man has had a chance in life, and if he has not availed himself of it he may, or probably will, never had another.
(2)Let us not lose ourselves in the abstract when we talk of happiness, but get down to facts and analyze for our selves what are the truly happy moments of our life.
(3)The mind is constantly recording, responding, remembering, reflecting. Seldom, if ever, it is idle, during walking or sleep. It has no respecter of orderly time sequences; the past, present and future intermingle. It knows no limits of space; it concerns itself with fact, or fantasy.
(4)The saying comes from Aesop's ancient fable about a fox drooling over bunches of grapes in a vineyard. After exhausting himself by leaping up repeatedly trying to them, he eventually gives up and slinks away. The fox tries to cover his frustration by saying, "They are as sour as crabs anyway.
26. 목적어=명사절
*I cannot know whether he will approve or disapprove.
*I don't know where she comes from.
BASIC STUDY
Natural resources have had a great influence on history, for nature determines to a great extent where man shall live, what kind of work he shall do, what he may produce, and the routes over which he must travel and transport his products. Because of its influence upon his economic life, natural environment goes far to determine man's habits and desires, and even his social and political point of view. Civilization has been defined as a process of conquering nature. We have man modifying nature, and nature modifying man. *go far 크게 효과가 있다.
*이 글의 제목으로 적당한 것을 고르시오.
①Man and Nature
②The Difficulty of Conquering Nature
③Greatness of the Force of Nature
④The History of Civilization
⑤The developmental Stages of Civilization
<구문연구>
*nature determines～the routes에서 determines는 3개의 의문사절과 1개의 명사를 목적어로 취한다.
*목적절로 가장 흔한 것은 that 절이지만 의문사절이 목적어로 오는 경우도 많다.
FURTHER STUDY
(1)It is seven hundred years old, but neither history nor tradition says whether it was built as it is purposely, or whether one of its sides has sunk down.
(2)I explained her that I only wanted to draw pictures on it, and that I did not want them to endure in the least ; and that from my point of view, therefore, it was a question not of tough consistency, but of responsive surface, a thing comparatively irrelevant in a parcel.
(3)A dictionary defines words, and when these words are the names of things a dictionary will tell you what these things are. An encyclopedia describes things in detail, telling you what they look like, what they are made of, and perhaps how they work. If you look up the word "lung" in a dictionary it will tell you something like either of the pair of breathing-organs in man and most animals. An encyclopedia will describe the lungs, telling you where they are in the body, how they work and what happens when they are no working properly.
27. S+V+it～to do…
*I make it a rule to take a walk very morning.
*I thought it wise to give him a flat refusal.
BASIC STUDY
The first step I take is bringing my key along with me. Obviously, I don't want to rouse my parents out of bed. Second, I make it a point to stay out past midnight. If I come in before then, my father is still up. I find it hard to face his disapproving look after a night out. Next, I am careful to be very quiet upon entering the house. This means treating the floor and steps to the second floor like a minefield, stepping carefully over the spots that squeak. Finally, I stop briefly in the bathroom without turning on the light and then tiptoe to my room, put my clothes in a pile on a chair, and slip quietly into bed. In this way I have avoided some major hassles with my parents.
*disapproving look 불쾌한 표정/ *minefield 지뢰밭 / hassle 격론
*이 글의 제목으로 적당한 것은?
①The Advantage of Returning early
②Father's Character
③Keeping Early Hours
④Acquiring A Good Habit
⑤The Habit of Sneaking into the House Late
<구문연구>
* S+make, render, find, think, believe, consider, etc. + it +O.C + to-√～ 구문
FURTHER STUDY
(1)A sense of duty may at times render it necessary for you to do what is displeasing to your friends, but you must have the courage to do it.
(2)People don't think it proper to gather in groups on the walk, blocking the way.
(3)In the three short decades between now and the twenty-first century, millions of ordinary, psychologically normal people will face an abrupt collision with the future. many of them will find it increasingly painful to keep up with the incessant demand for change that now characterizes our time.
(4)During my first week at the new school I observed that cheating was widespread. I had always considered it rather foolish to cheat on a test because of my code of ethics, and because so much was at stake. Apparently the other students didn't agree.
28. S+V+it～that…
*We took it for granted that knowledge is power.
*Legend has it that he killed the monster with his fist. (전설에 따르면, 그는～.)
BASIC STUDY
Cellini was a hot-tempered street fighter, ready to settle any argument by the sword. Yet this strange man of Florence, Italy, had another side. The greatest goldsmith of his time, he made things out of gold which excited even the greatest artists of the day. He was a high-spirited companion, and generous to his friends. When his sister's husband died, he supported his sister and her six daughters. He saw to it that his aging father lived in comfort. He often helped others in need.
*이 글에 나타난 주인공에 대한 특질로 볼 수 없는 것은?
①skillful ②cheerful ③hotheaded ④malevolent ⑤broad-minded
<구문연구>
*see (to it) that～; ～하도록 유의(조치)하다.
-See to it that he does the job properly.
*S+have it that～; According to + S, ～하다.
-Rumor has it that she killed herself with a gun.
-Newspapers have it that the Prime Minister will resign.
FURTHER STUDY
(1)The newspaper has it that the firm is on the brink of bankrupt.
(2)We take it for granted that man can talk, just as we take it for granted that he can eat, sleep, and walk.
(3)I have somewhere seen it observed that we should make the same use of a book that the bee does of a flower; she steals sweets from it, but does not injure it.
(4)It is difficult to describe Mother's purity and simplicity of character and she will find it embarrassing that I speak of her in print. A great deal of what I am and what I achieved I owe to her.
(5)But I think it natural that we young people should not be satisfied with the society in which we live. I think it our privilege that we try all we can do in order to build a better society.