[용♡어 。。。☼]【의학용어】임상검사결과 약어

[난♡그렇다]

6. 임상검사결과의 이해(성인)

1)혈액검사(L-1)                         

검  사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감     소
RBC	M:4.6-6.2×106/㎕ F:4.2-5.4×106/㎕	심한설사, 탈수, 급성약중독,폐섬유증, Polycythemia, Secondary polycythemia	빈혈, 골수기능부전, 용혈성 빈혈, Addison's disease, 출혈, Rheumatic fever
WBC	4.5-11×10/㎕	급성감염, Measles, 외상, Pertussis, 악성종양, Serum sickness, 순환장애	세균감염, 약이나 급성 백혈병 등에   의한 골수 기능저하
Hb	M:13.5-18.0g/dl F:12.0-16.0g/dl	만성폐색성폐질환        (COPD), Polycythemia, 울혈성 심부전	빈혈, 임신, 간경화, 심한 출혈, Hyperthyroidism
HCT	M:40-54% F:38-47%	Erythrocytosis, Polycythemia, Dehydration	Anemia, Leukemia, Hyperthyroidism, Hemolysis anemia   of pregnancy, Acute  massiveblood   loss, Cirrhosis
PLT	150-400×10³/㎕	암, 외상, 만성백혈병, Polycythemia vera, 류마티스관절염, 심장병, 만성췌장염, 경화, 결핵	감염, 폐렴, 알러지, 급성   백혈병, 재생불량성 빈혈,   암화학요법중,대형수술후
Neutro-   phils   (Seg)	전체 WBC의   54-62% 2000-7000/㎕	세균감염시	독소적 항원, 호르몬 질병, 혈액질병시
Band	전체 WBC의   2-4% 100-400/㎕	감염상태, 화학요법, 세포   생성의 장애, Toxemia
Lympho-   cytes	전체 WBC의    25-35% 1000-4000/㎕	세균성 상기도 감염, 호르몬 질환	Hodgkin's disease, 화상, 외상, Cushing syndrome,   초기급성 radiation syndrome
Basophils	전체 WBC의    0-0.75%	Granulocytic or basophi-   lic, Leukemia, Myeloid metaphasia, 알러지 질환

검  사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증       가	감      소
Monocytes	전체 WBC의     3-5%   100-600/㎕	감염시, Collagen disease, Hematologic disorder
Eosino-   phils	전체WBC의          1-4%   0-450/㎕	과면역 알러지, Addison's disease	Adrenal의 증가
ESR	M:0-10mm/hr F:0-20mm/hr	Active Tb, Rheumatic fever, Myocardial infarction	채혈시 응혈된 것이   섞   일때, cortisone, ACTH주   사를 맞는 경우, 혈당이    높은경우, 다혈구증, fibrinogen이 적을때
Reticulocy- te(망상적혈    구)	0.5-1.5%	급성 출혈, 용혈성 빈혈, 골수외 조혈이있는경우,    비장 적출후	재생불량성 빈혈, 철분결핍성 빈혈, Vit B12 빈혈
MCV	80-96n(μ³)	비타민 B12결핍성 빈혈 화학요법	철분결핍성 빈혈 지중해성 빈혈
MCH	27-31pg(μμg)
MCHC	32-36%

2) 뇨․임상검경(L-2)

검  사	정   상   치	임 상 적   의 의
		증    가	감    소
Color	Amber yellow   color
S.G. (specific   gavity)	Random   ⓤ1.003-1.030 24hr      ⓤ1.015-1.025	Diabetes mellitus, Nephrosis, Excessive fluid loss	Severe renal damage, Increasetourine           amount
pH	4.6-8.0	Infection of urethra, Pyloric obstruction	Dysfunction of renal, High-protein diet
Glucose	Negative	Diabetes mellitus, Pituitary disorders, Intracranial pressure, Lesion in floor   of fourth ventricle

검  사	정   상   치	임 상 적   의 의
		증    가	감    소
Protein	Negative	Renal disease, Trauma, Severe anemia, Abdominal mass, Hyperthyroidism, Heart disease, Intestinal obstruction
O.B. (occult   blood)	Negative	Severe burns, Malaria, Hemolysis, Type이 다른 blood의   수혈, 독성 약물 복용
Ketone	Negative	Preoperative patient, Pregnancy, Diabetes mellitus, Acidosis
Bilirubin	Negative	Hepatitis, Liver dysfunction, Hepatocellular disease, Biliary obstruction,
Urobilinogen	0.2-1 Ehrlich    unit/dl	Cirrhosis, Hemolytic disease, Biliary tract disease	Complete or nearly   complete biliary, Diarrhea, Renal insufficiency
RBC	0-3/HPF	Kidney disease
WBC	0-5/HPF	Pyelonephritis
Ep.cell	occasional renal ep.cell found	Nephrosis, Amyloidosis, Poisoning
Bence-Jones     protein	Negative	Myeloma가 있을 때 골수에서 생성되어 요중   에 나타나는 특수한 단백   체이다.

3) 일반응급검사(L-5)

(1)ABGA

검 사	정  상  치        (Aterial)	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감       소
pH	7.35-7.45	Vomiting, Hyperpnea, Fever, Intestinal obstruction	Uremia, Diabetic acidosis, Hemorrhage, Nephritis
PCO₂	32-45mmHg	Respiratory acidosis	Respiratory alkalosis
PO₂	75-100mmHg	Directly related to   oxygen saturation
HCO₃	21-28mmol/L	Metabolic alkalosis	Metabolic acidosis
O₂SAT	95-98%	Polycythemia Anhydremia	Anemia, Cardiac decompensation, Chronic obstructive   pulmonary disease
TCO₃	21-28mmol/L	Metabolic alkalosis	Metabolic acidosis

(2)전해질 검사

검  사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감      소
Sodium (Na)	ⓢ135-150mEq/L ⓤ40-220 mEq/L	Hemoconcentration, Nephritis, Pyloric obstruction	Alkali deficit Addison's disease Myxedema
Potassium (K)	ⓢ3.5-5.5 mEq/L ⓤ25-120 mEq/L	Addison's disease, Oliguria, Anuria, Tissue breakdown or   hemolysis	Diabetic acidosis Diarrhea Vomiting
Chloride (Cl)	ⓢ98-110 mEq/L ⓤ110-250mEq/L	Nephritis, Urinary obstruction, Cardiac decompensation, Anemia, Ether anesthesia	Diabetes,  Diarrhea, Vomiting,  Pneumonia, Heavy metal poisoning Cushing's syndrome, Burns, Intestinal obstruction, Febrile conditions

4) 일반화학검사(L-6)

검  사	정   상   치	임  상  적   의  의
		증     가	감     소
Calcium,  total	ⓢ8.2-10.7mg/dl ⓤ100-300mg/dl	Tumor of hyperplasia   of parathyroid, Hyperparathyroidism, Hypervitaminosis D, Multiple myeloma, Nephritis with uremia	Hypoparathyroidism, Diarrhea, Celiac disease, Richets, Osteomalacia, Maluntrition, Nephrosis, After parathyroidectomy
Inorganic  phosphorus	ⓢ2.6-5.0mg/dl ⓤ700-1300mg/dl	Chronic nephritis, Hypoparathyroidism, Uremia	Hyperinsulinism, Hyperparathyroidism, Richets
Glucose	ⓢ55-105mg/dl ⓤ9.5-10.5mg/dl	Diadetes, Nephritis, Hyperthyroidism, Early hyperpituitarism, Cerebral lesions, Infections, Pregnency, Uremia	Hyperinsulinism, Hypothyroidism, Late hyperpituitarism, Pernicious vomiting, Addison's disease, Extensive hepatic     damage
BUN	ⓢ6-21mg/dl ⓤ12-20mg/dl	Acute glomerulonephritis, Obstructive uropathy, Mercury poisoning, Nephrotic Syndrom,	Severe hepatic failure, Pregnancy
Creatinine	ⓢ 0.9-2.2mg/dl ⓤ M:1.0-2.0g/dl     F:0-100mg/dl	Nephritis, Chronic renal disease	Muscle dystrophy
Total       protein Albumin Globulin	ⓢ6.6-8.4g/dl ⓤ25-70mg/dl 4.4-5.5g/dl 1.5-3.0g/dl	Hemoconcentration, Shock, Multiple myeloma, Chronic infection, Liver disease, Rheumatic arthritis, Chronic hepatitis	Malnutrition, Hemorrhage, Loss of plasma from   burns, Proteinuria, Liver내의 합성기전 파괴
Bilirubin Total Direct Indirect	0.2-1.2mg/dl  0.2mg/dl  0.1-0.8mg/dl	Hemolytic anemia   (indirect), Biliary obstruction, Hepatocellular damage, Pernicious anemia, Hemolytic disease of   newborn, Exlampsia

검  사	정  상   치	임  상  적     의   의
		증        가	감      소
ALP	39-119U/L	Liver disease, Bone disease
AST (SGOT) ALT (SGPT)	13-51U/L  5-57U/L	Acute hepatitis, Obstructive jaundice, Skeletal muscle disease, Liver disease, Myocardial infarction
Amylase	ⓢ30-110U/dl ⓤ1500-6000U/dl	Acute pancreatitis, Mumps, Duodenal ulcer, Carcinoma of head of   pancreas, Pseudocyst of pancreas	Chronic pancreatitis, Pancreatic fibrosis   and atrophy, Liver cirrhosis, Acute alcoholism, Toxemias of pregnancy
Lipase	<1U/ml	Lipase and chronic,   pancreatitis, Biliary obstruction, Cirrhosis, Hepatitis, Peptic ulcer
LDH (Latic dehydro-   genase)	70-200U/L	Untreated pernicious   anemia, Myocardial  infarction, Pulmonary infarction, Liver disease
γ-GT	M:3-39U/L F:1-27U/L	alcohol성 간염, 활동성 만성간염, 간경변증, 지방간, 간암, 각종 간담도 질환,
CPK (CK; Creatine  phospho -kinase)	M:50-325mu/ml F:50-250mu/ml	Skeletal muscle disease, Intramuscular injection, Crush syndrome, Hypothyroidism, Delirium tremens, Cerebrovascular disease	갑상선 기능항진증 SLE  화학요법 류마티스 관절염 Alkaline phosphatase   혈증 고 Bililubin혈증
CK-MB	< 5%	심근경색 시작후 3-6시   간에 오르기 시작하여 12-24시간후 최고에 이   르고 12-48시간후 정상   으로 돌아옴

검  사	정  상   치	임  상  적     의  의
		증     가	감      소
CK-BB	< 1%	악성종양(위암, 폐암, 전립   선암)에 출현, Virus성 수막염
CK-MM	< 5%	Duchenne형근 dystrophy
Creatine Cx	80-120ml/min		kidney disease
Creatine	ⓢM:0.2-0.5mg/dl   F:0.4-0.9mg/dl ⓤM:0-40mg/dl   F:0-100mg/dl	Biliary obstruction, Pregnancy, Nephritis, Renal destruction, Trauma to muscle, Pseudohypertrophic   muscular dystrophy
Uric acid	ⓢM:3.5-8.0mg/dl   F:2.5-7.0mg/dl ⓤ 250-750mg/dl	Gouty arthritis, Obstructive uropathy, Murcury poisoning, Nephrotic syndrome	Severe hepatic failure, Pregnancy
Iron	M:73-117μg/dl F:82-136μg/dl	Pernicious anemia, Aplastic anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Hepatitis, Hemochromatosis	Iron deficiency anemia
TIBC (Total iron   binding     capacity)	M:281-354μg/dl F:281-361μg/dl	Iron deficiency anemia	Chronic infection disease
Copper	ⓢ M:70-140μg/dl    F:80-155μg/dl  ⓤ 15-30 μg/dl	Liver cirrhosis Pregnancy	Wilson's disease
Mg	1.8-3.0mEq/l	Ingestion of Epson salts, Parathyroidectomy	Chronic alcholism, Toxemia of pregnancy, Severe renal disease
Ammonia	30-86μg/dl	Severe liver disease, Hepatic decompensation
Total lipid	400-700mg/dl	Hypothyroidism, Diabetes, Nephrosis, Glomerulonephritis	Hyperthyroidism
Triglyce-   ride	40-190mg/dl	Diabetes, Nephrosis, Acute cholangitis, Hypothyroidism	Hypothyroidism, Liver cirrhosis

검  사	정  상  치	임  상  적      의    의
		증       가	감     소
Phospho-   lipid	150-250mg/dl
Free fatty   acid (FAA)	0.3-0.8mEq/L	Diabetes, 비만, Cushing 증후군, Hyperthyroidism, 갈색세포종, 간염, 간경변, TSH 과잉증	신증후군, Hypothyroidism, 약물복용(glucose, PGE₁    lactate, β-blocker,   insulin)
HDL(high   density    lipoprote- in)-chole seterol	M:35-50mg/dl F:45-65mg/dl	혈중에 증사하는 것은 좋   은 상태, 사춘기이후 여성, 운동, 체중감소, 적당한 음주 후	허혈성 심질환, 뇌동맥    경화, 비만, 흡연
Total   choleste-   rol	120-200mg/dl	Lipemia, Obstructive jaundice, Diabetes, Hyperthyroidism, Coronary artery disease, Atherosclerosis	Pernicious anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Hyperthyroidism, Severe infection, Terminal states of   debilitating disease, The esterified fraction   decreases in liver   disease, Nerve gas intoxication, Insecticides, Organic phosphates
ACE	M:30.2±17.6U/L F:26.2±6.0U/L	Liver disease Sarcoidosis, Leprocy Primary billiary cirrhosis Amyloidosis

5) 혈액․응고 검사(L-8)

검  사	정   상   치	임  상  적      의   의
		증        가	감       소
BT (Bleeding    time)	1-4mm	Purpura hemorrhagica, PLT 감소, Chlorohorm   and phosphorus poisoning
CT (Coagula-   tion time)	6-13mm	Hemorrhagic disease, Various coagulation   factor deficiencies
PT (Prothrombi   -ntime)	10-15sec (100-80%)	Hemorrhagic disease, Vit K 결핍, Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Acute toxic     necrosis of  the liver
APT	20-38sec	Hemophilia, Vit K 결핍, Liver disease, DIC disease	Extensive Cancer, DIC의 초기증상, 급성 출혈 직후
Fibrinogen	200-400mg/dl	Pregnancy, Pneumonia, 백혈구 증가되는 감염시	Acute atrophy of liver, Cirrhosis,Thyphoid fever, Chloroform poisoning,

6) 당부하․위액검사(L-9)

검  사	정 상 치		임  상  적    의  의
			증     가	감   소
FBS 60min 120min 180min	B.Glucose	U.Glucose	당뇨병 갑상선 기능항진증 말단비대증 감염 암
	70-110mg/dl    20-50mg/dl  above fasting    level 5-15mg/dl  above fasting    level Fasting level    below	Negative Negative Negative Negative
Glycosylated HbA₁	5-9%
Urine glucose 24hr	130mg/d
Glucose fasting	70-110mg/dl
Glucose pp.2hr	5-15mg/dl above fasting   level
Gastric  juice	BAO:〈2 mEq/hr MAO: 5-40 mEq/hr		십이지장 궤양 Zoillinger-Ellison   syndrome	위궤양

7) 체액검사(L-10) CSF

검  사	정상치	임  상  적      의  의
		증     가	감    소
Appearance	colorless	화농성 수막염, 일본뇌염       :농성혼탁
S.G.	1.006-1.008
Cell count    RBC    WBC	0 0-5	Virus성 수막염, 결핵성 수막염 화농성 수막염, 지주막하출혈 뇌척수 매독, 유행성 수막염 뇌종양	일본뇌염
Differential  count	Lympo	Virus성 수막염, 결핵성 수막염 지주막하 출혈, 뇌척수 매독
Protein	15-45mg/dl	Virus성 수막염, 결핵성 수막염 화농성 수막염, 지주막하출혈 뇌척수 매독, 유행성 수막염 뇌종양, 외상, 출혈, 요붕증, 다발성 신경염	신속한 뇌척수액 생산
Glucose	50-80mg/dl	일본뇌염	결핵성 수막염 화농성 수막염, 지주막하출혈 유행성 수막염 뇌종양

8) 혈액은행검사(L-12)

검    사	정  상  치	검    사	정 상 치
Whole blood	용량/1Unit:400ml	Direct Coombs' test (SLE, 자가면역성   용혈성 빈혈 면역성 범혈구 감소증)	Negative
Fresh whole blood	용량/1Unit:400ml
Packed red cell	용량/1Unit:200ml
WBC poor red cell	용량/1Unit:160ml	Indirect Coombs' test (수혈로 인한 불규칙    항체 생산, SLE 혈액형부적합)	Negative
Washed red cell	용량/1Unit:400ml
Fresh frozen plasma	용량/1Unit:       140-180ml
Cryoprecipitate	용량/1Unit:40ml	Isoagglutinin titer	Negative
Leukocyte concentrate	용량/1Unit:60ml	Rh Ab. titer	Negative
Platelet concentrate	용량/1Unit:40ml	Transfusion recation   study	Negative
Platelet rich plasma	용량/1Unit:180ml

9) 혈청 면역검사

검    사	정  상  치	임 상 적   의 의 ( 증가/ Positive )
ASO (Anti- streptolysin O) tilter	〈200 Unit	A군 연쇄상구균 감염. : 사구체 신염, 류마티스성 발열,    박테리아성 심내막염, 성홍열
CRP(C-reaetive    protein) test	〈0.5 mg/dl	염증성 질환,  체내 조직의 괴사 류마티스성 발열, Malignancy
RA test	Negative	RA의 진단
Widal test	≤1:80	Salmonella(thyphoid균, parathphoid균)균의 혈청학적 진단법
Anti-HAV(IgM)	Negative	A형 간염
HBs (Hepatitis B  surface) Ag.	Negative	B형 간염
Anti-HBs Ag.	Negative
HBc (Hepatitis B core) Ag.	Negative
Anti-HBc	Negative
HBe Ag.	Negative	HBV 감염에서 초기활동성 질환이나 감염력이 높은 상태를 의미
Anti-HBe	Negative	감염력이 감소됨을 의미
AFP  (α-fetoprotein)	8.5ng/ml	간암, Hepatoblastoma, Teratoblastoma, 성인 생식선의 embryonic tumor
CEA	Smoker    :5ng/ml이하 Nonsmoker    :3ng/ml이하	수술전 대장, 직장 종양의 단계를 결정 대장, 직장 종양의 재발
Antinuclear Ab.	Negative	SLE 진단

10) 면역화학검사(L-14)

검 사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감      소
Transfer-   rin	230-320mg/dl	Pregnency, Iron-deficiency anemia,   due to hemorrhaging, Acute hepatitis, Polycythemia, Oral contraceptives	Pernicious anemia in   relapse, Thalassemic and sickle    cell anemia chromato-   sis, Neoplastic and hepatic    disease

검 사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감      소
Ferritin	M: 29-371ng/ml F:pre-menopau-    sal:5-96ng/ml    post-menopau    sal:5-277ng/ml	Hemochromatosis, Certain neoplastic, Acute myelogenous   leukemia, Multiple myeloma,	Iron deficiency
Ig A	M:100-490mg/dl F:85-450mg/dl	Gamma A myeloma, Autoimmune disease, Hepatic cirrhosis,	Ataxia telangiectasis, Agammaglobulinemia, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Dysgammaglobulinemia, Protein-losing  entero-   pathies
Ig D	0-3mg/dl	IgD multiple myeloma, Chronic infectious   disease
Ig E	20-740ng/ml	Allergic patient, Parasitic infestations 있는 patient
Ig G	800-1750mg/dl	IgG myeloma, Following hyperimmu-   nization, Autoimmune disease   states, Chronic infections	Congenital and acquired   hypogammaglobulinemia, IgA myelomas, Some malabsorption   syndrome, Extensive protein loss
Ig M	M:50-320mg/dl F:60-370mg/dl	Parasitic infections, Hepatitis, Waldenstrom's            macroglo bulinemia	Some IgG and IgA myel   -omas, Chronic lymphatic   leukemia, Agammaglobuliemias
C₃	50-90mg/dl	SLE, 사구체 신장염, 화농성 신장염
C₄	10-40mg/dl

11) 세포 면역· 세포화학 검사(L-15)

검 사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감     소
T cell subtype	T4 :35.4-66.8% T8 :16.2-34.4% T4/T8 ratio:      1.08-3.08	Lymphoprolifeative   disorder Chronic Lymphocytic    leukemia Multiple myeloma Waldenstrom's    macroglobulinemia Non-Hodgkin's    lymphoma Hyperspleenism	Bone marrow disease Sepsis Malignancy Malnutrition 화학요법의 부작용
T&B cell count	Tcell: 80.2-94.4% Bcell: 9.7-13.6% Null : 8.4-13.4%
HLA typing (A, B, C) HLA typing(DR) HLA cross matching		Transplatation에서 유전 상태 진단시
Karyo- typing		Chromosom 배열 확인시

12) 핵의학 검사

검 사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감     소
T₃-uptake RIA	30-40 %	Hyperthyroidism Androgens and anabolic   steroids	Hypothyroidism,Pregnancy Estrogens and antiovul- atory drugs
T₃RIA	100-200ng/dl	Pregnancy Hyperthyroidism	Hypothyroidism
T₄hyro- xine RIA	5-12μg/dl	Hyperthyroidism Thyroiditis Cases of elevated   thyroxine-binding   proteins caused by oral   contraceptivs Pregnancy	Primary and pituitary    hypothyroidism Idiophathic involvement Cases of diminished   thyroxine-binding   proteins caused by     androgenic and anabolic steroids, Hypoproteinemia

검 사	정  상  치	임  상  적    의  의
		증      가	감     소
TSH RIA	5↓uU/ml	Primary                   hypothyroidism
Rennin RIA	0.2-2.5ng/ml/hr	Renovascular hyperten-   sion Malignant hypertension Untreated addison's   disease Primary salt-losing   nephropathy Low salt diet Diuretic therapy Hemorrhage	Frank primary aldoster-   onism Increased salt intake Salt-retaining steroid   therapy Antidiuretic hormone   therapy Blood transfusion
Aldosterone	50-194ng/ml	Primary(Conn's                   syndrome) Secondary aldosteronism	Addison's disease
ACTH RIA	80↓ng/ml	Pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome Ectopic ACTH syndrome Primary adrenal atrophy	Adrenocortical tumor Adrenal insufficiency   secondary to hypopitu-   itarism
Cortisol    RIA	8AM:7-25μg/dl 4PM:2-9μg/dl	Stress:infectious disease Surgery, burns,etc. Pregnancy Cushing's syndrome Pancreatitis Eclampsia	Adrenocortical tumor Anterior pituitary   hypofunction
Folic acid	4-16ng/ml		Megaloblastic anemias of infancyand pregnancy Inadequate diets Liver disease Malabsorption syndrome Severe hemolytic anemia

7. 상용약어

Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term	Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term
AA AAA    AAS AB     ABA Abd ABE    ABG ABGA   ABI ABR    AC     ACA ACBG ACD ACEI ACG ACH A COM A ACT ACTH AD ADE ADF ADH    ADI     ADL    ADR    AE     AED AEDH   AEP A/F     AF     AFB    ∝FP     AG     AGE    AGN	Artificial abortion Abd.aortic aneurysmectomy   Acute abdominal series Aortic arch syndrome Antibody  Atopic bronchial asthma Abdomen Acute bacterial endocardits Arterial blood gases Arterial blood gas analysis   Atherothrombotic brain infarction Absolute bed rest  Anterior chamber of the eye  Abodminal circumference Adenocarcinoma Anterior communicating artery Aortocoronary bypass graft Absolute cardiac dullness Angiotensin-converting enzyme    inhibitor Angiocardiography Adrenal cortical hormone Anterior Communicating artery activated clotting time Adrenocorticotrophic hormone  Admitting diagnosis Acute disseminated encephalitis Antidiarrheal formula Antidiuretic hormone        Acute drug intoxication      Activity of daily living      Adriamycin       Above elbow      Antiepileptic drug Acute epidural hemorrhage   Auditory evoked potential Amniotic fluid     Atrial fibrillation, flutter      Acid-fast bacilli    Alpha fetoprotein   Antigen, Abdominal girth    Acute gastroenteritis        Acute glomerulonephritis	AGTT   AHA AHJ AI AK      AKA    AL ALL    ALP    ALT    ALS    AMI    Amino-    TPN   AML    AMML  ANA    AOD    AP     A-P repair APE Appe AR     ARA-C   ARDS ARF    AROM AS     ASD    ASDH   ASO ASO    titer AST    AVM    AVR    B all C BAD BaE BAE BAVP BBBB	Abnormal glucose tolerance Acquired hemolytic anemia   Artificial hip joint Aortic valve insufficiency syndrome Above knee       Alcoholic ketoacidosis acute leukemia, axial length Acute lymphocytic leukemia  Alkaline phosphatase        Alanine aminotransaminase Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis  Acute myocardial infarction   Aminofusion total parenteral     nutrition        Acute myelogenous leukemia  Acute myelomonocytic leukemia Antinuclear antibodies       Arterial occlusive disease    Anterior posterior(chest AP)  Anterior-posterior repair Acute pulmonary edema Appendicitis Aortic regurgitation Cytarabine Adult respiratory distress syndrome Acute renal failure Acute rheumatic fever Artifical rupture of membrane Aortic valve stenosis        Atrial septal defect  Acute subdural hemorrhage   Arteriosclerotic occlusion Antistreptolysin-O titer      Aspartate transaminase      Atriovenous malformation    Aortic valve replacement     Vitamin B com & Cantan    Bipolar affective disorder Barium enema Bronchial artery embolization Ballon aortic valvuloplasty Bilateral bundle branch block

Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term	Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term
BC  BCBR  BCA  BCC  BCL  BCT  BDL  BE  Beta  sol  BEA  BEC  BEF  BF  BFS  B.glucose  BGC  BGCT  BGDC  b.i.d  BIH  BIP  Bivon  BK  BLR  BM  BOM  BOMA  BOO  BP  BPLD  BPH  BR  BRP  BS  BSO  B.sugar  BSV     BTV     BTL  BT	Birth control Bilateral carotid body resection Brachiocephalic artery Basal cell carcinoma Basic cycle length Blood coagulation time Bile duct ligation Barium enema     Below elbow Breast examination Betadin gargle solution Below elbow amputation Bacterial endocarditis Bronchoesophageal fistula Breast feeding Blood fasting sugar Blood glucose Basal-ganglion calcification Benign Glandular cell tumor Bartholin gland duct cyst Twice a day Bilateral inguinal hernia Bipolar affective disorder Sodium bicarbonate injection Below Knee Blood flow rate Bone marrow Bilateral otitis media Bilateral otitis media,acute Bladder outlet obstruction Blood pressure Bilateral pelvic lymphnode Benign prostatic hypertrophy Bed rest Brief reactive psychosis Bowel sound Bilateral salpingo oophorectomy Blood sugar       Bisolvon  Bilateral Truncal vagotomy   Bilateral tubal ligation Bleeding time	B/T  BW      Bx      C       Ca  CA      CABG    CAD     CAH  CAHD  CAOD    Ca/P     CAPD    CAVH  CBA  CBC     CBD     Cbll      Cbr      CC      C/C      CCF     Ccr      CCT  CDH  CE  CEA     CEG  CG  CHD     CHEMO  CHF     CIBD  CIN      CIC  CIS    CIU  CLL   CLT  CM    CMI	Body temperature     Body weight       Biopsy    Cervical vertebra (C1C2.....)    Carcinoma                   Coronary angioplasty  Coronary artery bypass graft  Coronary artery disease      Chronic aggressive hepatitis  Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease  Coronary artery obstructive disease  Calcium/Phosphorus          Chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis  Contineous atriovenous hemofiltration  Chronic bronchitis and asthma  Complete blood count        Common bile duct   Cerebellum        Cerebrum         Chief complaint     Colony count       Carotid cavernous fistula      Creatinine clearance         Closed cerebral trauma  Congenital diaphragmatic hernia  Cardiac enlargement  Carcinoembryonic antigen     Cardiac electrogram  Cholecystogram  Congenital heart disease      Chemotherapy      Congestive heart failure      Chronic inflammatory bowel disease  Cervical intraepithelial   neoplasia  (neoplasm)        Clean Intermittent Catheterization  Carcinoma in situ   Chronic idiopathic urticaria  Chronic lymphocytic leukemia  Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis  Chloramphenicol, Helocetin    Cell mediated immunity

Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term	Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term
CML    CMML CNF    CNS    CoA    COPD   CP     C-P    CPD CPE CPR    CPZ Cr      CRF    CRIF    CRP    CRT C/S     CSDH   CSF    CT     CT     CTX    CVA    CVA    CVP    CVVH   CX     DAI    DBE D & C  DC     DCG DCM DDST   DDP    D & E  DES DEX    DGI DI DIC DIVA	Chronic myelogenous leukemia Chronic myelomacrocytic leukemia Cranial nerve function       Central nervous system      Chronic nasal sinusitis Coarctation of aorta complex  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cerebral palsy     Crystalline penicillin G.      Cephalopelvic Disproportion Chronic pulmonary emphysema Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Chlorpromazine         Creatinine (BUN/Cr)        Chronic renal failure        Closed reduction and internal fixation C-reactive protein  Cadaver renal transplant Cesarean section   Chronic subdural hemorrhage  Cerebrospinal fluid  Coagulation time   Computed tomography       Cytoxan  Cerebrovascular accident     Costovertebral angle        Central venous pressure     Contineous venous vein hemodialysis Cervix . Cancel    Diffuse axonal injury       Deep breathing exercise Dilation and curettage       Discontinue       Doppler cardiography Dilated cardiomyopathy Denver developmental screening test Cisplantin        Dilation and evacuation      Diffuse esophageal spasm Dexamethazone    Disseminated gonococcal infection Diabetes insipidus  Disseminated intravascular   coagulation Digital intravenous angiography	DL DM DOA    DOE    Dopa    D/S     DT     DTO    DTR    DUB    D&V D/W    Dx     E&B Echo EDC EDH EEG EDTA(c) EH EH fever EKG    E-M    EMB    EMG    ENT EO E.R ERBD   ERCP   ESR ESRD   EST    EVD    EXT    F FBS    FCCD FD	Decilliter Diabetes mellitus Dead on arrival    Dyspnea on exertion Dopamine        Dextrose and saline  Delirium tremens   Distal tubal obstruction Deep tendon reflex  Dysfunctional uterine bleeding Diarrhea and vomiting Dextrose in water  Diagnosis        Excision and biopsy Echocardiogram    Estimated date of confinement Epidural hematoma  Electroencephalogram       edetic acid (ethylenediamine-  tetraacetic acid)    Enlarged heart    Epidemic hemorrhage fever Electrocardiogram  Erythromycin     Ethambutol       Electromyograph   Emergency Ears, nose, throat Elbow orthosis Emergency room Endoscopic retrograde biliary   drainage        Endoscopic retrograde   cholangiopancreaticography Erythrocyte sedimentation rate End stage renal disease Electroshock therapy Exterventricular drain Extremity        Fahrenheit Fasting blood sugar        Fracture compound,    communited, depressed     Forcep delivery

Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term	Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term
FD FDA    FFP    FHS    FHT F.Hx    FNT Foley    Cath FTSG   5-FU   F/U     FUO Fx G+ G- GABA GB     GBA GB stone GCA GDM GE GER GFR    GG GH     GI      G-M    G/S     GTC GTT GU Gyn. HA HAAB Hb HBAB HBIG HBP HCC	DM (Diluted milk)  FF (Formular feeding)      RF (Regular feeding)       Ferrus deficiency anemia     Fresh frozen plasma        Fetal heart sound  Fetal heart tone Family history    Finger to nose test Foley catheterization Full thickness skin graft     5-Fluorouracil     Follow up        Fever unknown origin Fracture Gram-positive Gram-negative Gamma-aminobutyric acid Gallbladder       Ganglionic-blocking agent Gallbladder stone Giant cell arteritis Gestational diabetes mellitus Gastroesophageal Gastroesophageal reflux Glomerular filtration rate Gamma globulin Growth hormone   Gastrointestinal tract Gentamicin       Gomco suction    Generalized tonic clonic attack Gestational trophoblastic tumor Genitourinary Gynecology Headache Hepatitis A antibody Hemogloin Hepatits B antibody Hepatitis B immune globulin High blood pressure Hepatocellular carcinoma	HCG    HCVD Hct     HEENT HFD H/D    HD     Hb     HCD    HHD HIV HLD    HMD   H mole  HN HNS HNP    HP HPD HR     HRI     HRP HS HRV    H/S     HSB    HSV Ht HUS    Hx HZV IBBB IBD ICA ICB ICH ICP ICU I & D   IDA    IDDM	Human chorionic gonadotropin Hypertensive cardiovascular disease Hematocrit Head, eyes, ears, nose, throat  High fiber diet Hartmann's dextrose solution  Hemodialysis      Hemoglobin       Herniated cervical disc      Home hemodialysis Human immunodeficiency virus Herniated lumbar disc       Hyaline membrane disease   Hydatidiform mole  Head and neck Head nurse Head and neck surgery Herniated nucleus pulposus   Hot packs High protein diet Heart rate        High risk infant   High-risk pregnancy Bedtime Heart sounds Human rotavirus   Hartman's solution  Hot sitz bath     Herpes simplex virus Height   Hemolytic uremic syndrome History          Herpes zoster virus Intra-blood-brain barrier Inflammatory bowel disease Internal carotid artery       Intracranial bleeding Intracerebral hemorrhage     Intracranial pressure        Intensive care unit  Incision and drainage       Iron deficiency anemia      Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term	Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term
IHD    IHPS    IHSS    IIOC    IK IM     IMP    I/O     IOC IOP     IPD IPPB    ITP     IUD     IUFD IUP     IV      IVC     IVF & ET IVH    IVP     K-M    KOH KUB    KVO KWIS   LA     LAM LFA LFT    LDH    LIH     LLL LLQ LMC    LMP    LN	Ischemic heart disease      Infant hypertrophic pyloric     stenosis        Idiopathic hypertrophic        subaortic stenosis        Incompetent internal os of      cervix  Immobilized knee Intramuscular     Impression        intake and output  Intern on call Intraocular pressure  Inflammatory pelvic disease Intermittent peritoneal dialysis Intermittent positive pressure   breathing       Idiophatic thrombocytopenic     purpura        Intrauterine device  Intrauterind fetal death Intrauterine pregnancy       Intravenous       Inferior vena cava  Invitro Fertilization & Embryo Transplantation Intraventricular hemorrhage   Intravenous pyelogram      Kanamycin       Potassium hydroxide Kidney,ureter,bladder        Keep vein open Korean Wechsler Intelligence    scale  Left atrium       Laminectomy Left femoral artery Liver function test  Lactic dehydrogenase       Left inguinal hernia  Left lower lobe(lung) Left lower quadrant Local medical center        Last menstrual period       Lymph node	LOC LOM    LP LSO    LSD LTS    LUQ    LUL LV LVH    M MA-tube MCA    MCNS   MD MI M.M    MMPI MR     MRI    M/S    MS     MTD MTS MTO   MTX   MVR    NCV    ND     NEC    NHL    NICU NIDDM NPO    NS     NSR    NSVD   NVD OB	Loss of conscious Limitation of motion        Lumbar puncture Left salpingo-oophorectomy   Low salt diet Laparoscopic tubal sterilization left upper quadrant left upper lid Left ventricle Left ventricular hypertrophy  Murmur Miller-Abbott tube  Middle cerebral artery aneurysm Minimal change nephrotic      syndrome       Mid day Myocardial infarction        Multiple myeloma  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Mitral regurgitation  Magnetic resonance imaging  Morning stiffness  Mitral stenosis    Multiple sclerosis Right ear drum Left ear drum Middle tubal obstruction     Methotrexate      Mitral valve replacement     Nerve conduction velosity    Normal delivery   Necrotizing enterocolitis     Non Hodgkin's lymphoma    Neonatal intensive care unit Non insulin dependent diabetes   mellitus        Nothing by mouth  Nephrotic syndrome        Normal sinus rhythm       Normal spontaneous vaginal    delivery        Nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea  Obstetrics

Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term	Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term
OBS OD     OMPA  OMPC   OP OPD OR     ORIF   OS     mOsm   OU     oz PA     PAC    Pan-F   PAT    PAWP Pb      PCA    P.com.   artery Pd      PDA    PDX    PE     PEG PFT    PHx    PI      PIH     PID     PLT    PND    PNS PMB    PMC PMP    PO     POD    Postop. PPBP   PPBS	Organic brain syndrome Right eye        Otitis media,purulent,acute    Otitis media,purulent,chronic  Operation Out-patient depatrment Operating room    Open reduction internal        fixation        Left eye  milliosmole       Both eyes        ounce Posterior anterior  Premature atrial tachycardia  Pancreon-F       Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia  Pulmonaryartery wedge pressure Phenobarbital      Posterior cerebral artery     Posterior communicating artery Peritoneal dialysis  Patent ductus arteriosus     Pyridoxin        Physical examination        Pneumoencephalogram Pulmonary function test     Past history      Present illness     Pregnancy induced hypertension Pelvic inflammatory disease  Platelet  Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea Peripheral nervous system Postmenopausal bleeding Premature mitral closure pseudomembranous colitis    Premenstrual period  By mouth        Post operative day  Postoperative      Postpartum blood pressure   Postprandial blood sugar	PR Premed  PROM   PS     PSVT   P/T     PT     PTBD   PTC    PTCA   PTR PTT    PVC    PVR    PZA    q       qd      q.i.d     q.m q.n q.q.h RA     RAD RAEBT RBBB   RBC    RD RDS RF R.G.P   RHB    RHD    R-I     RIH     RIND   RMP    R/O	Pulse rate Premedication     Premature rupture of membrane Pulmonary stenosis  Paroxysmal supraventricular    tachycardia     Physical therapy   Prothrombin time  Percutaneous transhepatic      biliary drainage  Percutaneous transhepatic      cholangiogram   Percutaneous transluminal    coronary angioplasty        Patella tendon reflex Partial thromboplastin time   Prematureventricular contraction Paroxysmal ventricular rhythm Pyrazinamide      Each/every       Every day        Four times a day  every morning every night every four hours Rheumatoid arthritis        Right axis deviation Refractory anemia excess      blast transformation       Right bundle branch block   Red blood cell     Raynaud's disease resporatory distress syndrom of new born Rheumatic fever Renal failure Retrograde pyelogram       Regular heart beat  Rheumatic heart disease     Regular insulin    Right inguinal hernia        Reversible ischemic neurologic   defect  Rifampin  Rule out

Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term	Abbrev-   iation	Full   Term
RSO ROM    RR    RSR    RT RTC    RX SA SAB    SAH    SB tube SCA SCLC   SCr SD     SDH SEP    SG     SGA    SLE    S-M    SMR    SOB SOC S-S    enema  STD    STSG   Supp    SVC    SVD Sx      Synd    T      TA     TACE   TAH Tbc     TBLB   T-C    THR    TIA TIBC   t.i.d     T-M	Right salpingoophorectomy   Range of motion   Respiratory rate   Regular sinus rhythm       Radiotherapy      Return to clinic prescription Spontaneous abortion       Subarachnoid block Subarachnoid hemorrhage    Sengstaken-Blakemore tube  Sickle cell anemia Small  cell lung cancer      Serum creatinine Spontaneous delivery        Subdural hematoma  Somatosensory evoked potential Specific gravity    Small gestational age       Systemic lupus erythematosus  Streptomycin      Submucosal resection       Shortness of breath State of consciousness Soap-solution enema        Sexually transmitted disease  Split thickness skin graft    Suppository       Superior vena cava  Spontaneous vaginal delivery Symptoms        Syndrome        Thoracic vertebra(T1 T2......) Traffic accident    Trans-catheter artery chemoembolizat     -ion  Total abdomino hysterectomy Tuberculosis      Transbronchial lung biopsy   Tetracycline      Total hip replacement       Transient ischemic attack Total iron binding capacity Three times a day  Terramycin	TOF    TPM TPN TPR    TR     TS     TSA    TSH    TTP TURP TVH TURP   TV     TVH    Tx      UA     UC UGI     U.glucose U/O     URI     VCUG   U/S     USG    U.sugar UST UTI     UV     VB insuffi -ciency VCR VD VDRL VER VHD vit VP shunt V/S VSD VV fistula WNL X-mat.	Tetralogy of Fallot  Temporary pacemaker Total parenteral nutrition    Temperature pulse respiration  Tuberculin test    Tricuspid stenosis, regurgitation Transsphenoidal approach    Thyroid stimulating hormone  Thrombotic thrombocytopenic    purpura        Transurethral resection of the     prostate Total vaginal hysterectomy Transurethral resection of      prostate        Tidal volume      Total vaginal hysterectomy   Therapy  Treatment        Urine analysis Uterind contraction Upper gastrointestinal series  Urine glucose     Urine output      Upper respiratory infection   Voiding cystourethrogram    Ultrasound       Ultrasonogram     Urine sugar       Urine sugar test Urinary tract infection       Ultraviolet        Vertebrobasillar      insufficiency     Vincristine (Oncovin)       Vaccum delivery   Venereal disease research laboratory Ventricular escape rhythm Ventricular hypertensive dz.  Vitamin  Ventriculoperitoneal shunt    Vital sign        Ventricular septal defect Vesicovaginal fistula        Within normal limits       Cross matching