public debate(공개토론)
The International Public Debate Association (IPDA), inaugurated on February 15, 1997 at St. Mary's University (Texas) in San Antonio, Texas, is a national debate league currently active in the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Kansas, Alabama, Texas, Mississippi, Tennessee, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Florida, and Oklahoma. Among universities, IPDA is the fastest growing debate association within the United States.
Although evidence is used, the central focus of IPDA is to promote a debate format that emphasizes public speaking and real-world persuasion skills over the predominate use of evidence and speed. To further this goal, IPDA predominantly uses lay judges in order to encourage an audience-centered debate style. Furthermore, although the main goal of the debater is to persuade the judge, IPDA also awards the best speakers within each tournament.
IPDA offers both team debate where two teams of two debate and individual debate. In both team and individual debate a list of topics are given to the two sides thirty minutes before the start of the round. A striking negotiation ensues to pick a topic. The sides, one affirming the resolution and one negating the resolution, then prepare an opening speech, a cross-examination of the other side, and closing remarks for the round.
While most member programs the International Public Debate Association are associated with colleges or universities, participation in IPDA tournaments is open to anyone whose education level is equivalent to seventh-grade or higher.
IPDA offers both team debate where two teams of two debate and individual debate.
a list of topics are given to the two sides thirty minutes before the start of the round. | 라운드 시작 30분 양측에 논제목록 제시 |
A striking negotiation ensues to pick a topic. | 논제 선정 협상 이어짐 |
the start of the round. | 라운드시작 |
preparing an opening speech, | 논제 찬성측 반대측 모두 발언 |
a cross-examination of the other side | 상대방에 대한 반대심문 |
a closing remarks for the round. | 최종발언 |
public debate (1. 논제 제시 2. 논제 협상 3.토론)
찬성 | 반대 |
1. 입론 | |
2. 입론 | |
3. 반대심문 | |
4. 종결발언 | |
5. 종결발언 |