Paris-style debating(파리식토론) WSDC(World School Debating Championships)토론

[류재수]

This is a new, specifically French format. Two teams of five debate on a given motion. One side is supposed to defend the motion while the other must defeat it. The debate is judged on the quality of the arguments, the strength of the rhetoric, the charisma of the speaker, the quality of the humor, the ability to think on one's feet and, of course, the teamwork.

The first speaker of the Proposition (Prime Minister) opens the debate, followed by the first speaker of the Opposition (Shadow Prime Minister), then the second speaker of the Proposition and so on.

Every speaker speaks for 6 minutes. After the first minute and before the last minute, debaters from the opposite team may ask Points of Information, which the speaker may accept or reject as he wishes (although he is supposed to accept at least 2).

The French Debating Association organizes its National Debating Championship upon this style.

찬성	시간	반대	시간
토론개시 (1차 옹호) the first speaker of the Proposition (Prime Minister)	6분
		토론개시(1차 반박) the first speaker of the Opposition (Shadow Prime Minister	6분
asking Points of Information(정보논점 요구) debaters from the opposite team may ask Points of Information, which the speaker may accept or reject as he wishes
2차 옹호 the second speaker of the Proposition	6분
		2차 반박 the second speaker of the Opposition (Shadow Prime Minister	6분
asking Points of Information(정보논점 요구) debaters from the opposite team may ask Points of Information, which the speaker may accept or reject as he wishes
종결
		종결

WSDC(World School Debating Championships)토론

1988년에 시작되어 고등학생들이 참가하는 세계적인 토론대회 중 가장 긴 역사를 지닌 토론

목적과 특징 : WSDC토론은 의제에 찬성하거나 혹은 반대함으로써 자신의 신념을 드러내는 것이 목적이 아니라 신념과는 관계없이 어떤 의제든 양쪽을 균형 있게 다룰 수 있는 능력이 있다는 것을 청중에게 드러내 보이는 것이 목적이며 특징이다.

대회는 10일간에 걸쳐서 열리고 각 팀은 8회 예비토론(eight preliminary debates)에서 다룬다.

4개 준비된 토론(four prepared debates (the motion having been announced a few weeks before the start of the tournament) and)

4개 즉석토론(four impromptu debates (for which teams have one hour to prepare).

최종결승전

최고 16개 팀이 compete in knock-out debates (known as the Octofinals) culminating in a Grand Final.

판정

For each debate, three judges (or more in later rounds) mark each debater on his or her style, content and strategy.

팀원 : 각팀 3명씩 총 6명 8번 진술

Each debate comprises eight speeches delivered by two three-member teams (the Proposition and the Opposition).

format('World Schools Style Debating): a combination of the British Parliamentary and Australian formats

the Proposition	time	the Opposition	time
① 첫 번째 찬성의견	8분
		②첫 번째 반대의견	8분
may offer "points of information(정보논점 요구)"			15초 내외
③두 번째 찬성의견	8분
		④두 번째 반대의견	8분
may offer "points of information"			15초 내외
⑤세 번째 찬성의견	8분
		⑥세 번째 찬성의견	8분
		⑦최종변론(반대의견 결론reply speech①또는 ②)	4분
⑧최종변론(찬성의견 결론)	4분

Between the end of the first and the beginning of the last minute of an eight-minute speech, the opposing party may offer "points of information". The speaker may refuse these, but should take at least one or two points during his or her speech.

World Schools Debating Championship debates use a special format known as 'World Schools Style Debating'. This is a combination of the British Parliamentary and Australian formats, designed to meet the needs of the tournament. Each debate comprises eight speeches delivered by two three-member teams (the Proposition and the Opposition). Each speaker delivers an eight-minute speech; then both teams deliver a "reply speech" lasting four minutes, with the last word being reserved for the Proposition. Between the end of the first and the beginning of the last minute of an eight-minute speech, the opposing party may offer "points of information". The speaker may refuse these, but should take at least one or two points during his or her speech.

The style of debate was originally a compromise and not used apart from the championship. However, the style has since been embraced by many countries for their national competitions, including Australia, Argentina, Germany, Greece, Indonesia, Israel, New Zealand, South Africa, Slovenia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka and Wales.

The WSDC normally takes place over the course of ten days. Each national team competes in eight preliminary debates: four prepared debates (the motion having been announced a few weeks before the start of the tournament) and four impromptu debates (for which teams have one hour to prepare). Once the eight preliminary rounds have been completed, the 16 best teams compete in knock-out debates (known as the Octofinals) culminating in a Grand Final. For each debate, three judges (or more in later rounds) mark each debater on his or her style, content and strategy.

A notable difference between WSDC and the World Individual Debating and Public Speaking Championships – the other major international competition of its type – is that WSDC's primary focus is on ranking each country's team as opposed to its individual participants.