우선 제가 처음에 링크한 기사는
http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ufc/2016/11/07/jon-jones-suspended/93428806/
이것인데요.
다른 더 정확해보이는 기사가 있어서 대체합니다.
보면 분명히 기존 기사는 존존스가 걸린건 시알리스가 아닌 다른 약이다.. 라고 하는데
보다 정확한 기사를 보면 존 존스가 걸린건 타다라필, 즉 시알리스로 불리기도 하는 약이고.
이것에 걸렸다고 합니다.
경과과정부터 굉장히 자세하게 나와있는데요.
A lot of questions were raised by the news that Jon Jones was banned for one year at his recent arbitration hearing (for those of you that are records keepers, this is the first time any fighter has gone to arbitration with USADA), especially since on his social media, he had seemed so confident of avoiding any significant punishment. Below is a timeline of what happened, when, and a detailed explanation into why he received the punishment he did.
Jon Jones has been tested regularly by USADA since its inception, with the following results:
December 8th, 2015 - Zero declared medications/supplements, zero banned substances detected.
March 4th, 2016 - Zero declared medications/supplements, zero banned substances detected.
March 25, 2016 - Zero declared medications/supplements, zero banned substances detected.April 4th, 2016 - Zero declared medications/supplements, zero banned substances detected.
April 23rd, 2016 (in-competition) - Eight declared medications/supplements, zero banned substances detected
June 16th, 2016 - Zero declared medications/supplements, two banned substances detected.
The test on June 16th was the first and only positive test. SMRTL - a WADA accredited lab in Salt Lake City, Utah - returned a positive result for clomiphene and letrozole metabolites on July 6th, 2016. Jones had not declared the use of any substance within the past week when he was administered the test.
On or around July 25th, 2016, Jones’ attorney sent two products for contamination testing; a bottle of T-Anabol, a WADA code compliant product he had been using since 2011, and a sealed silver pouch of Tadalafil, which Jones had received from teammate Eric Blasich on or around June 14th, 2016, to Korva laboratories. Jones had not declared either of these products at the time he took the positive test on June 16th. Jones did check the USADA guidelines to ensure Tadalafil (also known as cialis) was not a banned substance, which it is not.
In August 2016, Korva laboratories informed Jones that the Tadalafil provided had tested positive for clomiphene and letrozole - the substances which showed up on his positive test. The T-Anabol did not test positive for either of those substances. Jones proceeded to request an arbitration hearing with USADA on August 5th, 2016. That day, Jones’ attorney informed USADA that Tadalafil obtained from All American Peptide had tested positive for the substances on Jones’ test.
USADA arranged to test the Tadalafil that Jones highlighted as tainted. SMRTL ordered a batch of Tadalafil from All American Supplements for testing on August 5th, and USADA ordered a batch on August 8th. On August 26th USADA requested 5 capsules from the batch Jonespossessed, and then repeated this request on August 31st after the original pills were damaged in transit. Jones supplied said pills to USADA.
On September 26th, 2016 SMRTL reported that all four shipments of Tadalafil it had received tested positive for clomiphene, letrozole, and another banned substance, tamoxifen. The following results are in micrograms.
Sample #1, purchased by SMRTL contained:
Clomiphene - 10 mcg, Letrozole - 170 mcg, Tamoxifen - 360 mcg
Sample #2, purchased by USADA, contained:
Clomiphene - 130 mcg, Letrozole - 80 mcg, Tamoxifen - 120 mcg
Sample #3, provided by Jones and damaged in transit, contained:
Clomiphene - 320 mcg, Letrozole - 37 mcg, Tamoxifen - 230 mcg
Sample #4, provided by Jones, contained
Clomiphene - 430 mcg, Letrozole - 45 mcg, Tamoxifen - 320 mcg
The decision notes that there were possible explanations for Jones’ test not returning positive for Tamoxifen, stating:
On October 31st, 2016 Jones attended the arbitration hearing which led to his one-year suspension. The decision contains some notable statements from the hearing, including how the decision was reached.
Something noted in the decision, is that there were errors or omissions in the declarations of Jones and the teammate who supplied him with the Tadalafil, Eric Blasich. Perhaps most concerning is that when Blasich finally produced an invoice for his order of Tadalafil, it also contained an order for clomiphene. Despite this, the panel concluded that the evidence suggested Jones’ failed test was caused by the “Tadalafil”.
The panel noted that Jones made no attempt to see the packaging to check the ingredients, nor did he inform his agent he intended to take the substance or ask for advice related to taking the substance. They also raised the point that if Jones had asked where the product was obtained from, and checked the source, he would have found the source sold several WADA prohibited substances alongside the alleged tadalafil. The panel noted,
Jones’ lawyer raised the point that Jones relied on his agent, Malki Kawa, for advice on anti-doping matters, and noted cases in which this had reduced the athletes personal responsibility. The panel pointed out that not only does Mr Kawa not have the medical or scientific background to provide that advice, but that Jones had not even consulted Mr. Kawa in advance of taking the substance.
On top of this, Jones appears to have admitted that he did not make use of the educational anti-doping materials he was provided by the UFC, instead relying on an “incomplete and inadequate summary” given by Malki Kawa, concluding,
The potential punishment for Jones’ violation was originally stated to be 2-4 years by USADA, but after examination, USADA decided that clomiphene and letrozole should be counted as specified substances, rather than non-specified substances. A test failure for a specified substance carries a one-year ban, with a potential two-year additional penalty for aggravating circumstances. A non-specified substance carries a two year ban, with a potential two year additional penalty for aggravating circumstances.
As additional punishment for aggravating circumstances was not requested by USADA, therefore, the maximum punishment Jones faced was one year. The arbitration panel decided that Jones should face the full punishment, as Jones “verged on reckless” by accepting the word of his teammate that the pill he received was Tadalafil.
The panel further noted that the WADA Code requires a two-year suspension for specified substances, and that as a result the UFC/USADA punishment of one year for a specified substance, could not be said to “infringe any principle of proportionality.”
The panel did note that the evidence does not suggest Jones was deliberately looking to cheat.
Based on the totality of the evidence given, the panel decided that Jones should have to serve the full 12-month suspension, starting from July 6th, 2016, which was the date USADA & Jones were notified of the positive test. Jones will be able to compete again in July 2017.
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전부 복붙한건 아니고 중간치까지 한것인데.. 눈에 띄는 내용들을 보자면
존존스 검사일지-2015년 12월 8일, 2016년 3월4일,25일, 4월 4일 23일 등에 이루어진 검사에선 미적발.
그중 4월 23일 에만 8개의 치료및 보충제 신고 - 그리고 검사 이상무 인데요. 나머지 검사에선 치료및 보충제 신고는 없습니다.
걍 혈액검사같은것만 한 모양인거 같네요.
4월 23일만 나왔던건 시합 앞두고 적어낸 치료및 보충제로 보입니다. - 참고로 존존스 오상필전이 4월 23일.
그리고 약,치료,보충제 신고없는 상태에서 6월 16일날 2개의 금지성분 검출- 클로미펜, 레트로졸.
검사를 시행한건 wada 에서 공인받은 SMRTL 이라는 기관에서 한것입니다.
이후 존존스 7월 6일 눈물의 기자회견 -오염된 보충제 때문이다
7월 25일 존존스측은 두개의 제품을 보냄. T-Anabol 과 타다리필 이 2개.
그리고 이 타다라필은 6월 14일쯤 존존스가 팀메이트인 Eric Blasich 에게 받은것이라 주장하고,
존 존스는 이 타다라필이 usada 규정상 금지약물이 아닌것을 확인함.
8월달- 존존스측이 검사를 의뢰한 Korva laboratories 에서 타다리필에서 존존스가 걸린 금지성분이 나왔다고 통보
T-Anabol 에선 금지성분이 없었다함.
8월 5일- 존 존스측에서 usada 에서 All American Peptide 회사에서 입수한 타다라필에서 존 존스에게 검출된 금지성분이
나온걸 확인한것을 알게됨.
그후 8월 5일경 SMRTL 에서 All American Peptide 의 타다라필 검사. usada 역시 8월8일 타다라필 가져올것을 명령.
그리고 존 존스에게 문제의 타다라필 5개를 보내라 명령.
존존스가 보낼 타다라필이 보내는과정중 손상됨- 그래서 재차 보냄.
그래서 벌어진 결과가
Sample #1, purchased by SMRTL contained:
Clomiphene - 10 mcg, Letrozole - 170 mcg, Tamoxifen - 360 mcg
Sample #2, purchased by USADA, contained:
Clomiphene - 130 mcg, Letrozole - 80 mcg, Tamoxifen - 120 mcg
Sample #3, provided by Jones and damaged in transit, contained:
Clomiphene - 320 mcg, Letrozole - 37 mcg, Tamoxifen - 230 mcg
Sample #4, provided by Jones, contained
Clomiphene - 430 mcg, Letrozole - 45 mcg, Tamoxifen - 320 mcg
이건데요. 참고로 샘플3가 존존스가 보낸 타다라필인데 운송중 손상이 있던 샘플입니다.
다만 이것도 역시 검사 성분 걸릴건 다 걸렸습니다.
여기서 문제는 존존스가 걸린 클로미펜, 레트로졸 외에도 금지성분인 타목시펜도 포함되 있다는 것입니다.
타목시펜은 비스테로이드 계열의 항에스트로겐제입니다. 클로미펜도 역시 항에스트로겐제 이고요.
그런데 존존스는 이거는 안걸렸는데요.
그에대해 존존스측의 답변은 타목시펜의 양이 워낙적어서 안걸렸거나
존존스가 타목시펜이 함유안된 불량품을 먹어서 그런걸로 보인다.. 라고 하는군요.
그런데 위에 보면 알듯이 오히려 함량중 가장 적은건 레티졸입니다.
그런데 레티졸은 걸렸는데 타목시펜은 안걸린다라.. 물론 약물종류에 따라 함량이 더 많아도
안걸릴수도 있긴하겠습니다만 wada가 어디 호구도 아니고..
존존스의 샘플 2개를 검사했는데 모두 타목시펜은 안걸렸다는거..
그리고 또 하나 눈에 띄는 내용은
USADA decided that clomiphene and letrozole should be counted as specified substances, rather than non-specified substances. A test failure for a specified substance carries a one-year ban, with a potential two-year additional penalty for aggravating circumstances. A non-specified substance carries a two year ban, with a potential two year additional penalty for aggravating circumstances.
이것인데..클로미펜과 레트로졸은 non-specified substances 가 아닌 specified substances
여서 1년의 정지기간을 받는다 합니다.
그렇다면 이 specified substances는 뭐냐?
wada 의 설명을 보자면
7. WHAT IS A ‘SPECIFIED SUBSTANCE’?
A specified substance is a substance which allows, under defined conditions, for a greater reduction of a two-year sanction when an athlete tests positive for that particular substance.
The purpose is to recognize that it is possible for a substance to enter an athlete’s body inadvertently, and therefore allow a tribunal more flexibility when making a sanctioning decision.
Specified substances are not necessarily less serious agents for the purpose of doping than other prohibited substances, and nor do they relieve athletes of the strict liability rule that makes them responsible for all substances that enter his or her body.
However, there is a greater likelihood that these substances could be susceptible to a credible non-doping explanation, as outlined in section 10.4 of the World Anti-Doping Code.
This greater likelihood is simply not credible for certain substances – such as steroids and human growth hormone – and this is why these are not classified as specified.
출처
https://www.wada-ama.org/en/questions-answers/prohibited-list#item-387
확인된 하에서는 허용이 되는 약물로써, 다른 금지약물에 비해 덜 중요한, 즉 소프트한 약물이라 할수 있겠는데요.
당연히 스테로이드나 성장호르몬은 여기에 포함이 되지 않고요.
즉.. 로이드나 성장호르몬에 비해 케어제나 치료제로 쓰이는 저런 클로미펜등에서 걸렸고,
wada 에서 원래 허용된 약물이었는데 관련제품중에서 금지성분이 나왔다는 점에서
1년이라는 감경기간이 떨어진듯 싶습니다만.
역시
현실적으로 그동안 안먹던 약을 팀메이트가 줬다고 낼름 집어먹은것도 그렇고..
물론 규정상으론 허용된거였긴 하지만요. 그렇다해도 시합을 앞두고 발기부전제를 먹었다는거 자체도 이상하고
보낸 샘플들은 존존스가 걸린 두개성분 말고 또 다른 금지성분인 타목시펜도 있었는데도
존존스가 적발된 검사샘플 2개에선 이게 없었다는점..
을 보면 현실적으로 약물러일 확률은 매우 높다 봅니다.